Columbus, Christopher, birthplace, 70; parents, 70; sea-faring, 72, 73; geographical knowledge, 74-80; correspondence with Toscanelli, 80; proposals to King John II., of Portugal, 85; sends his brother to England, 86; goes to Spain, 87; his project discussed at Salamanca, 87-90; its consideration postponed by Ferdinand and Isabella, 90; intends to go to France, 90; befriended by Friar Juan Perez, 90, 91; another conference, 91; unfavorable decision, 91; Luis de Santángel’s help, 92; Columbus commissioned, 93-95; intends to make a sea-chart, 96; sails from Palos, 96; keeps his reckoning short, 98; observes the variations of the magnetic needle, 98, 99; conduct of his crew, 100-102; discovers island of Guanahani, 107; his landing, 108; the people, 108-110; calls the island San Salvador, 111; discovers the islands of Santa Maria de la Concepcion, Fernandina, Isabela, and Cuba, 113-116; believes he has reached Asia, 120; sends embassadors to the Grand Khan of Cathay, 120; productions of Cuba, 121; natives, 122, 123; returns from the north, 124; his high latitudes, 126; explores the coast of Española, 127, 128; its natives, productions, and soil, 128-130; builds Villa de la Navidad, 132, 133; sails for Spain, 135; the voyage, 137; anchors in the Tagus, 140; visits the king of Portugal, 141; arrives at Palos, 141; celebration of his discoveries, 142-144. Columbus’s second voyage, 146; discovers the islands of Dominica, Marigalante, Santa Maria de Guadalupe, 146, 147; his sea-chart, 148; arrives at Villa de la Navidad, 148; builds the town of Isabela and castle of San Tomas, 150, 151; appoints a council, 152; coasts Cuba, 152; believes it to be Asia, 153; sails for Spain, his compasses, 157; his pilots, 158; arrives at Cadiz, 159; goes to Burgos, 159; his privileges prejudiced, 167. Columbus’s third voyage, 168; discovers the island of Trinidad, 169; sees the continent, 169; Tierra de Gracia, 170; enters the Gulf of Paria, 171; map of the country, 171; reaches Española, 172; sent in chains to Spain, 172. Columbus’s fourth voyage, 174; discovers the island of Mantinino, 175; reaches Española, 175; sails to the Guanaia islands, 175; captures a canoe laden with Indian commodities, 175; explores the coast of Veragua, 177-187, 226, 227; sails to Jamaica, 180; returns to Spain, 182; dies at Valladolid, 182; his map, 182, 183, 300. Columbus, Diego, 87, 90, 152, 168. Columbus, Ferdinand, 70, 71, 168. Comargo, 277, 278. Combahee River, 284. Comogre, 225. Compass. (_See_ _Mariner’s compass_.) Conchillos, Lopez de, 276. Connecticut, 253, 354; river, 354. Contarini, Gasparo, 199.