Rawlinson’s revised translation of the inscriptions published two years before by Lassen forms the concluding chapter of his Memoir. We have already had occasion to contrast the merits and demerits of the two translators. Rawlinson’s transliteration presents an entirely modern appearance in consequence of the correctness of the values of so many signs. There are still a few errors, owing chiefly to the prolongation of the final syllable in such words as ‘thatiya,’ ‘tyaia,’ and others, an error already signalled by Hincks. But these are of small importance. As regards the translations, he brought from the study of the Behistun record a knowledge of the language that no one else then possessed, and he was able at once to resolve difficulties that had baffled all previous attempts. Such expressions as ‘generosus [sum]’ finally disappeared for the correct rendering ‘he says.’ Sentences that were hitherto entirely misapprehended now appear in their correct form. ‘The son of Arcis’ gives place to ‘the son of a Persian, an Arian of Arian descent.’ The last paragraph of the same inscription is satisfactorily explained. Even where he fell short of success, as in the end of the I inscription, he made important contributions to the elucidation of intricate passages. Rawlinson added the inscription on the Venice vase, not known to Lassen. It had been recently published by Longpérier in the ‘Revue Archéologique’ (1844), who thought it should be referred to Artaxerxes I. Rawlinson translated it ‘Artaxerxes the King,’ and assigned it to Artaxerxes Ochus. Opinion has since been divided upon the subject; Spiegel and Menant follow Longpérier; Oppert and Weissbach follow Rawlinson.