The discovery and decipherment of the trilingual cuneiform inscriptionsBooth, Arthur John
History
The discovery and decipherment of the trilingual cuneiform inscriptions
Booth, Arthur John
Achaemenian inscriptions; Cuneiform inscriptions
It is not clear to what extent, if to any, he was indebted to Hincks. His
exaggerated Semitism was probably of native growth. He was not yet aware
of the age of the Babylonian bricks, as explained by Hincks in 1846:
yet he knew the determinative sign for proper names, which apparently
was not known to Hincks.[795] Hincks, on the other hand, recognised a
sign ‘prefixed non-phonetically to the name Ormuzd, and also used by
abbreviation for the word “god.”’ Löwenstern says there is ‘no special
sign accompanying the names of the gods.’ He, however, recognised a
sign as the monogram for ‘god’; but when he found it in conjunction with
the name of ‘Aurmuzd’ he treated it as the initial letter, and gave it
the definite phonetic value of _a_.[796] Such were the difficulties
to be overcome before the determinative for ‘god’ was recognised. He
observed that a word may be expressed by its first and last signs, an
early indication of the phonetic complement.[797] Meanwhile Hincks and
Rawlinson announced the discovery already mentioned that the apparent
equivalent signs in Persian depended in reality upon the vowel that was
associated with the consonantal value. It at once occurred to Longpérier
that the great difficulty of the Assyrian homophones might be solved by
the application of the same principle. If, he says, there is a separate
sign for the consonant _m_ according as it is followed by _a_, _i_ or
_u_, ‘one can understand how a similar practice, if extended to many
consonants, would augment the number of alphabetical signs.’ He warned
scholars not to be too ready to accept the existence of homophones,
because he observed that ‘according as the work proceeds the number of
homophones decreases.’[798]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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