The Discovery of America Vol. 1 (of 2): with some account of Ancient America and the Spanish ConquestFiske, John
History
The Discovery of America Vol. 1 (of 2): with some account of Ancient America and the Spanish Conquest
Fiske, John
America -- Discovery and exploration; Latin America -- History
Of Phoenician and other voyages along the Atlantic coast of Africa we
have much more detailed and trustworthy information. As early as the
twelfth century before Christ traders from Tyre had founded Cadiz
(Gades),[351] and at a later date the same hardy people seem to have
made the beginnings of Lisbon (Olisipo). From such advanced stations
Tyrian and Carthaginian ships sometimes found their way northward as far
as Cornwall, and in the opposite direction fishing voyages were made
along the African coast. The most remarkable undertaking in this quarter
was the famous voyage of the Carthaginian commander Hanno, whose own
brief but interesting account of it has been preserved.[352] This
expedition consisted of sixty penteconters (fifty-oared ships), and its
chief purpose was colonization. Upon the Mauritanian coast seven small
trading stations were founded, one of which--Kerne, at the mouth of the
Rio d' Ouro[353]--existed for a long time. From this point Hanno made
two voyages of exploration, the second of which carried him as far as
Sierra Leone and the neighbouring Sherboro island, where he found "wild
men and women covered with hair," called by the interpreters
"gorillas."[354] At that point the ships turned back, apparently for
want of provisions.
[Footnote 351: Rawlinson's _History of Phoenicia_, pp. 105,
418; Pseudo-Aristotle, _Mirab. Auscult._, 146; Velleius
Paterculus, i. 2, Sec. 6.]
[Footnote 352: Hanno, _Periplus_, in Mueller, _Geographi Graeci
Minores_, tom. i. pp. 1-14. Of two or three commanders named
Hanno it is uncertain which was the one who led this
expedition, and thus its date has been variously assigned from
570 to 470 B. C.]
[Footnote 353: For the determination of these localities see
Bunbury, _op. cit._ vol. i. pp. 318-335. There is an
interesting Spanish description of Hanno's expedition in
Mariana, _Historia de Espana_, Madrid, 1783, tom. i. pp.
89-93.]
[Footnote 354: The sailors pursued them, but did not capture
any of the males, who scrambled up the cliffs out of their
reach. They captured three females, who bit and scratched so
fiercely that it was useless to try to take them away. So they
killed them and took their skins home to Carthage. _Periplus_,
xviii. According to Pliny (_Hist. Nat._, vi. 36) these skins
were hung up as a votive offering in the temple of Juno (i. e.
Astarte or Ashtoreth: see Apuleius, _Metamorph._, xi. 257;
Gesenius, _Monumenta Phoenic._, p. 168), where they might have
been seen at any time before the Romans destroyed the city.]
[Sidenote: Voyages of Sataspes and Eudoxus.]
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