It is not generally known how much stronger or more nourishing a bitch’s milk is than cow’s milk, and when I had some samples analysed I was surprised myself. Below I give the analysis of a fair sample of each kind:— Cow’s. Bitch’s. Water, 87·4 66·3 Butter, 4·0 14·8 Sugar and Soluble Salts, 5·0 2·9 Caseine and Insoluble Salts, 3·6 16·0 Practically a bitch’s milk is nearly three times as strong as a cow’s, and yet people, when giving the latter to puppies, often dilute it with one-third of water, and thus add to its weakness. Consequently a much larger quantity has necessarily to be given to a puppy for it to derive sufficient nourishment to sustain it, and as a result the stomach is over-distended. Indigestion follows, and the puppies do not thrive. All breeders must have noticed how often puppies go back directly artificial food is given them, even before being entirely weaned, and this, no doubt, is in a great measure due to improper food in overloading the stomach with a quantity of waste and superfluous fluid. Even when cow’s milk is given pure, nearly three times the quantity in bulk ought to be given than if bitch’s milk is used, and it is thus seen at a glance how a puppy’s stomach, which is naturally small, is over-distended. A dog’s digestive organs are arranged to receive food in a concentrated form—as, for instance, dogs in nature eat only meat, and until they get this food they have nothing else but the dam’s milk, which is also a concentrated food. When about five or six weeks old the mother goes out in search of food, and comes back with her stomach loaded, which, after a time, when it is partially digested, she ejects by vomiting, and this the puppies eat, and thus they get naturally partially-digested food suitable for a puppy’s delicate stomach. To treat cow’s milk so as to make it as like bitch’s milk as possible, to every three-quarters pint of the former add two and a half ounces of cream—that is, about three tablespoonfuls—two and a quarter ounces of plasmon, and five ounces of water. First mix the plasmon with the water, add the milk and slowly boil in an enamel saucepan for two minutes, then add the cream when cold and well mix. When feeding puppies with artificial bitches’ milk, it must be remembered that only a small quantity is necessary—for instance, about the third part one would give of cow’s milk. =Milk (Defective Secretion)=: _See_ LACTATION (DEFECTIVE). =Milk (Excessive Secretion)=: _See_ LACTATION (EXCESSIVE). =Mouth=: _See_ GUMBOIL, LIPS, TEETH, TOOTHACHE. [Illustration: How to bandage a dog’s head] =Mumps=: _Symptoms_: Swelling of side of face, and just below the ear, which is very tender. Dogs suffering from this complaint are generally rather feverish. There is a loss of appetite and an excessive flow of saliva.