The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics: A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and StudentBeech, Franklin
Science
The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics: A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student
Beech, Franklin
Dyes and dyeing -- Cotton
_Green and Buff._--First bath, 1/4 lb. Orange extra, 3/4 oz. Fast yellow
S, and 10 lb. bisulphate of soda. Second bath, 3/4 lb. Diamine sky blue
F F, 1/2 lb. Thioflavine S, and 15 lb. Glauber's salt.
_Orange and Violet._--First bath, 9 oz. Orange extra, and 10 lb.
bisulphate of soda. Second bath, 3/4 lb. Diamine violet N, and 10 lb.
Glauber's salt.
_Black and Blue._--First bath, Naphthol black as given above. Second
bath, Diamine sky blue as given above.
_Black and Yellow._--Add first 1 lb. Wool black 6 B, and 10 lb.
Glauber's salt, then, when the wool has been dyed, add 2 lb. Curcumine S
to dye the cotton in the same bath.
_Green and Red._--Dye the wool by using 3 lb. Guinea green B, 1/4 lb.
Curcumeine extra, and 10 lb. Glauber's salt, then add to the bath 3/4
lb. Erika B N, and 3/4 lb. Congo Corinth G.
_Orange and Blue._--Dye the wool first with 1-1/4 lb. Mandarine G, 2 oz.
Wool black 6 B, and 10 lb. Glauber's salt; then the cotton with 2 lb.
Columbia blue G.
_Blue and Orange._--Dye the wool first with 3/4 lb. Guinea violet B, 3/4
lb. Guinea green B, and 10 lb. Glauber's salt; then dye the cotton with
2 lb. Mikado orange 4 R O.
_Green and Orange._--Dye the wool with 3 lb. Guinea green B, 1/4 lb.
Curcumeine extra, and 10 lb. Glauber's salt, then dye the cotton in the
same bath with 1-1/2 lb. Mikado orange 4 R O.
CHAPTER VI.
DYEING HALF SILK (COTTON-SILK, SATIN) FABRICS.
The direct dyes of the Diamine, Benzo and Congo types have been of late
years increasingly used for dyeing satin (silk and cotton), and they
have quite displaced the old methods of dyeing this class of fabrics,
which consisted in first dyeing the silk with an acid dye and then
dyeing the cotton with a basic dye. For details of the method of
applying acid dyes to silk reference may be made to Mr. G.H. Hurst's
book on _Silk Dyeing_.
Most of the direct colours are exceedingly well adapted for this
purpose, some under certain conditions possess the property of dyeing
the cotton a deeper shade than the silk, which is an advantage rather
than otherwise.
The dyeing of goods composed of silk and cotton is generally done in
winch dye-vats, in some cases also on the jigger.
METHOD OF DYEING.
The direct colours are as a rule dyed in a soap-bath with addition of
phosphate of soda, Glauber's salt or common salt and a little soda.
The addition of these salts effects a better exhaustion of the baths;
they are therefore principally used for dark and full shades, whilst
pale shades are dyed with the addition of soap only or in combination
with phosphate of soda. Dark or pale shades may thus be produced at will
by selecting the proper additions, but the fact should not be
overlooked that the greater exhaustion of the baths not only increases
the depth of shade of the cotton but also causes the silk to absorb more
dye-stuff. Too large a proportion of salt would cause the dye-stuffs to
go on the fibre too quickly and thus make the dyeing liable to turn out
uneven.
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