_M._ Now if you wold proue Multiplycatio{n}, the surest way is by Dyuision: therfore wyll I ouer passe it tyll I haue taught you y^e arte of Diuision, whiche you shall worke thus. Fyrste sette downe the Diuisor for feare of forgettynge, and then set the nomber that shalbe deuided, at y^e ryghte syde, so farre from the diuisor, that the quotient may be set betwene them: as for exa{m}ple: Yf 225 shepe cost 45 l’i. what dyd euery shepe cost? To knowe this, I shulde diuide the hole summe, that is 45 l’i. by 225, but that can not be, therfore must I fyrste reduce that 45 l’i. into a lesser denomination, as into shyllynges: then I multiply 45 by 20, and it is 900, that summe shall I diuide by the no{m}ber of [*126b] shepe, whiche is 225, these two nombers therfore I sette thus. -------+-----+-------------- | | -------+-----+-------------- | | o --o-o--+-----+--o-o-o-o----- | | --o-o--+-----+-------------- o | | -------+-----+-------------- Then begynne I at the hyghest lyne of the diuident, and seke how often I may haue the diuisor therin, and that maye I do 4 tymes, then say I, 4 tymes 2 are 8, whyche yf I take from 9, there resteth but 1, thus -------+-----------+-------- | | -------+-----------+-------- | | --o-o--+-----------+--o----- | | --o-o--+-----------+-------- o | | -------+--o-o-o-o--+-------- And bycause I founde the diuisor 4 tymes in the diuidente, I haue set (as you se) 4 in the myddle roume, which [*127a] is the place of the quotient: but now must I take the reste of the diuisor as often out of the remayner: therfore come I to the seconde lyne of the diuisor, sayeng 2 foure tymes make 8, take 8 from 10, {and} there resteth 2, thus. ----------+-----------+---------- | | -||-------+-----------+---------- | | -----o-o--+-----------+---------- | | -----o-o--+-----------+--o-o----- o | | ----------+--o-o-o-o--+---------- Then come I to the lowest nomber, which is 5, and multyply it 4 tymes, so is it 20, that take I from 20, and there remayneth nothynge, so that I se my quotient to be 4, whiche are in valewe shyllynges, for so was the diuident: and therby I knowe, that yf 225 shepe dyd coste 45 l’i. euery shepe coste 4 s. _S._ This can I do, as you shall perceaue by this exa{m}ple: Yf 160 sowldyars do spende euery moneth 68 l’i. what spendeth eche man? Fyrst [*127b] bycause I can not diuide the 68 by 160, therfore I wyll turne the pou{n}des into pennes by multiplicacio{n}, so shall there be 16320 d’. Nowe muste I diuide this su{m}me by the nomber of sowldyars, therfore I set the{m} i{n} order, thus.