_State Papers Domestic_, 5_n._, 6, 7, 8_n._, 13_n._, 17_n._, 18_n._, 19_n._, 31, 66, 195, 196 Stirling, W., & Sons, 172 Stockport, food riots in 1757, 43_n._; muslin manufacture, see Oldknow Stones, H., first made mules after Crompton, 123; improved mule, 123 Strutt, J., in partnership with Arkwright, 98, 103; of yeoman class, 142 T Taunton Cloth, 6 Tawney, R. H., _Assessment of Wages by Justices of Peace_, 49_n._ Taylor, patented a spinning machine, 78 Tenters, use of, prohibited, 5 Thompson, R., & Sons, 172 Throstle, an improvement of water-frame, 163 Tipping, S. and G., linen drapers, of Manchester, 32 and _n._, 34. See Chetham, H. and G. Todd, Shorbridge & Co., 172 Tooke, _History of Prices_, 83_n._ Touchet, J. T. and G., & Co., 172 Travelling merchants, or Manchester men, method and scale of business, 61-62 Trade unions, see Combinations; development checked by Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, 55, 148 Truck payments. See Acts (1702) U Ulm, fustian industry of, xxii. Unwin, Prof. G., _Industrial Organisation in XVIth and XVIIth Centuries_, 4_n._, 36_n._, 49_n._, 53 and _n._, 66_n._, 101_n._; _Gilds and Companies of London_, 66_n._ Ure, _Cotton Manufacture_, 16_n._, 29_n._, 76_n._, 81_n._, 119, 122_n._, 131_n._, 162 V Venice, cotton imports of, xxii. Vermilions, manufactured from cotton-wool from Cyprus and Smyrna, 8 W Wages, effects of new machinery on, 90-91; of hand-loom weavers, 1795-1807, 134_n._ Wakefield traders support Manchester Act (1736), 24 Water-frame, see Arkwright, Throstle; was outcome of previous efforts, 145; complementary to jenny, 80; spinning and winding simultaneous with, 81; horse-power employed with, 81; useful for coarser counts and warp yarn, 124; incapable of spinning weft or producing thread of fine texture, 172-173, 179, 180, 186, 190; influence on expansion of cotton industry, 179 _Ware, Life and Correspondence of S. Hibbert_, 58_n._, 63_n._ Warrington, industries and numbers employed in eighteenth century, 28_n._ Wars: Seven Years’ War and War of American Independence, cause heavy taxation, 63; and dislocation of trade and distress, 46, 86-89; French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, economic effects of, 83, 130, 144; intensified effects of economic change, 146; checked movement for social development, 146-148; Napoleonic War, social retrogression due to, 146-148; repression and class legislation due to, 146-147; situation created by, compared with European War, 147; dominant factor in social and economic history, 147-148; left disturbed industrial relationships, 148; caused fluctuation of trade and distress, 154; crisis of 1810, 154; with America in 1812, 154