The Early History of English Poor ReliefLeonard, E. M., of Girton College
History
The Early History of English Poor Relief
Leonard, E. M., of Girton College
Poor laws -- Great Britain -- History
Another method of collecting money for the poor was by means of local
dues. At Ipswich tolls were exacted from ships entering the harbour,
and payments were also made by all who were admitted freemen, by all
who had "a writing acknowledged," and by all who had a witness examined
before the bailiffs in writing[267]. Sometimes fines and payments by
individuals for particular privileges were devoted to this purpose. At
Ipswich those who opened shops on Sunday paid their fines to Christ's
Hospital. A parson who had incurred a penalty by suing for too much
tithe was ordered to deliver to the hospital "60 combes of tanne[268],"
and a man of St Albans obtained a license to keep an alehouse before
anyone else on condition that he paid twopence weekly towards the
support of a certain orphan[269]. Akin to this method of raising money
was the practice of persuading a man to take a town apprentice in
return for the freedom of the town or some other privilege[270].
[267] Bacon's _Annals of Ipswich_, 19 Sept. 1571, p. 292, and 1575, p.
307.
[268] _Ib._ 16 July, 1571. A burgess who neglected to attend the Great
Court was fined fourpence "to the use of the poore." _Ib._ 5th Mar.
1568, p. 279.
[269] A. Gibbs, _Corporation Records of St Albans_, p. 46.
[270] At St Albans in 1587 two men were reported for carrying on their
trade as fullers without being freemen. It was resolved that one of
them should have his freedom if he would bring up one of the children
of a widow Floyd until it could get its own living. _Corporation
Records_, p. 27. At Ipswich Peter Ray, a tailor, was made a burgess
provided he took an apprentice from the hospital. Nathaniel Bacon's
_Annals of Ipswich_, 22nd July, 1575, p. 306. In Ipswich also a
"fforainer" having a town child as his apprentice was allowed to
trade with his linen cloth in the town on market-day so long as the
apprentice remained with him. _Ib._ 24th April, 1599, p. 398.
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