The Early History of English Poor ReliefLeonard, E. M., of Girton College
History
The Early History of English Poor Relief
Leonard, E. M., of Girton College
Poor laws -- Great Britain -- History
From this pamphlet we see therefore that the law was sometimes well
executed in particular places although as a rule it was negligently
enforced. This view of the matter is confirmed by the rest of the
evidence concerning the period from 1569 to 1597. It is the period of
the growth of legislation and of the machinery of administration, but
the working together of the whole system was also locally successful.
At Reading, St Albans, Norwich, Leicester, York and Ipswich there
is abundant evidence to show that many steps were taken to relieve
the poor, while in Gloucester also we can see that increased action
was taken in this direction, and that the statute of 1572 was more
vigorously enforced than its predecessors. The City controlled the two
hospitals of St Bartholomew and of St Margaret[298] and the corporation
yearly elected a president, a treasurer, two surveyors, two almoners
and two scrutineers to look after them. For certain years the accounts
of Governor, Treasurer, Almoner and Scrutineer of St Bartholomew's
still exist[299]. Before 1569 the house of the White Friars had been
made into a House of Correction. For three parishes the accounts of
the collectors of the poor exist for the years 1572-3 and for five
other parishes for one or more of the succeeding ten years[300]. It
would thus seem that the statute of 1572 was put regularly in execution
in Gloucester and that this was the first statute that was thus
regularly enforced.
[298] Rudder's _Gloucestershire_, pp. 186, 202. Queen Elizabeth granted
the patronage of St Mary Magdalen also to the City on Dec. 4th, 41 Qu.
Eliz. p. 187.
[299] _Calendar of the Records of the Corporation of Gloucester._
No. 1335. 1569-70. Governor's account. Almoners and Governors exist as
early as 1558-9. No. 1327.
No. 1336. 1570-71. Almoner's account.
No. 1337. 1570-71. Treasurer's account.
No. 1339. 1570-71. Almoner's account.
No. 1340. 1573-74. Scrutinear's account, etc.
The Masters' accounts of St Margaret's are also preserved for the years
1556, 1560-1, 1561-2. _Ib._ p. 459.
[300] _Calendar of the Records of the Corporation of Gloucester._
Accounts of the Collectors for the poor.
No. 1349. 1572-3. Parish of St Nicholas, St Mary de Lode and St Mary
de Crypt.
1350. 1575-6. Parish of Holy Trinity.
1352. " " Graslane.
1352. " " St Michael.
1353. " " St Katherine.
1355. 1576. " St Ewen, etc.
The only account of this kind before 1572 is an undated account of the
reign of Queen Elizabeth in a time of plague.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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