The Early History of English Poor ReliefLeonard, E. M., of Girton College
History
The Early History of English Poor Relief
Leonard, E. M., of Girton College
Poor laws -- Great Britain -- History
Not only the City Companies but also the town rulers of most provincial
towns and sometimes parish authorities were trustees for such
charities. At Ipswich bequests of this kind are especially numerous;
they are much smaller in amount than those of London, but they are
typical of the kind of charity that once existed in almost every town
in which old records remain. In common with twenty-three other towns,
Ipswich had an interest in Sir Thomas White's will and received in
its turn £100 to be lent to four poor tradesmen. Besides this no less
than eleven other legacies of this sort were received before 1635.
Amongst these Mrs Alice Scrivener gave £100 to be lent gratis to ten
people for four years, Christopher Cock gave £100 to be lent to four
clothiers for five years, and John Barrett £20 to four shoemakers
without interest[569]. At Reading the same kind of thing was done; in
1626 Mr Ironside left £100 to be lent gratis to two clothiers and two
shopkeepers, and in 1633 Richard Johnson gave £100 for four tradesmen
for twelve years[570]. At Oxford there were once many sums for such
loans, but these have most of them either been lost or are used for
other purposes[571].
[569] _Legacies to charitable uses in Ipswich_, p. 74 seq.
Other Cash Charities of the same kind for the benefit of the
inhabitants of Ipswich were as follows:--
1579. Mrs Rose Bloise £20 to four handicraftsmen for two or three years.
1583. Mr John Tye £25 to five or more persons who are inhabitants for
not longer than three years without interest.
1595. Mr Thos. Goodwin £40 for four poor occupiers for two years
without interest.
1608. Mrs Alice Bloise £40 to six young men, being freemen for three
years.
1616. Mr Willm. Birden £20 to four poor occupiers for four years.
1616. Mr Willm. Acton £80 to four clothiers for four years.
Mr J. Acton added £20 to be lent in the same manner.
1621. Mr Rich. Martin left overplus of certain revenues to be lent to
clothiers.
[570] _Char. Com. Report_, 32, Pt. 1, p. 43. Ironside's Charity.
_Reading Records_, Vol. III., p. 170. Richard Johnson.
Other charities of the kind existed in Reading. See Barbor's and
Winche's _Charities Rep._, 32. Pt. 1, p. 43.
[571] _Rep._ VI., p. 397 seq.
Among the lost charities of Oxford are the following:--
Jane Fulsey, 1603. £40 to be lent to four poor tradesmen for three
years.
Robert Wilson, 1640. £20 to be lent in two, three or four equal
portions for seven years. _Ib._ p. 404.
There are sixteen other lost charities of the kind either without date
or of later date than 1640, and three or four other lending charities
which are still wholly or partially in existence.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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