The early history of the HebrewsSayce, A. H. (Archibald Henry)
History
The early history of the Hebrews
Sayce, A. H. (Archibald Henry)
Bible. Old Testament -- Criticism, interpretation, etc.; Jews -- History -- To 953 B.C.
It was during the second absence of Moses, when the conception and form
of the tabernacle were being revealed to his mental vision, that his
followers showed how little they understood the spirit and character of
the legislation he was endeavouring to give them. They believed he had
deserted them, and with his departure his religious teaching departed
also. Israelitish religion was no slow growth: like Zoroastrianism or
Buddhism or Christianity itself, it implies an individual founder who
gave it the impress of his own individuality. Modern theories which
attempt to explain it as a process of evolution start with a false
assumption, and arrive consequently at false conclusions. None of the
great religions of the world has been a product of evolution except in
an indirect sense; they are all stamped with individualism, and owe
their existence to the genius or inspiration of an individual. The
religions of Babylonia and Egypt, as far as we know, were the results of
a slow development; but Mosaism and Zoroastrianism, Buddhism and
Christianity derived not only their names, but their essence also from
the individual founders who created them. We cannot understand the
religion of Israel without the Law in its background, and we cannot
understand the Law without the personality of its lawgiver.
The declaration that Israel should serve no other gods before Yahveh
stood or fell with Moses, to whom Yahveh had revealed Himself. And Moses
seemed to have vanished among the clouds that enveloped the summit of
the sacred mountain. Their leader and his God had deserted them, and the
people required another. Aaron the priest was ready to take the place of
the lost lawgiver, and to provide them with a new deity and a new faith.
And, after all, it was but an ancient faith, the faith of the kindred
nations that surrounded them, their own faith, moreover, in the days
before the Exodus. A calf was fashioned out of their golden earrings,
and in it both priest and people beheld the god who had brought them out
of Egypt. Aaron proclaimed a feast in honour of the divinity whose
worship was celebrated with the same shameless rites as those which
characterised the cult of the Semitic populations of Babylonia, of
Canaan, and of Arabia.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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