‘Forty thousand’ represents the highest unit, one thousand, in the division of the army, multiplied by the indeterminate number forty. Footnote 316: ‘The Hittites of Kadesh,’ according to the reading of Lucian’s recension of the Septuagint, 2 Sam. xxiv. 6, in place of the corrupt and unmeaning Tahtim-hodshi of the Massoretic text. See Hitzig, _Z. D. M. G._, ix. pp. 763 _sqq._; Wellhausen, _T. B. S._, p. 221. Footnote 317: It has been generally assumed to have been near the Kishon, on account of Judges iv. 16. But the inference is not certain, partly because we do not know how far the pursuit may have extended, partly because Oriental expressions cannot be interpreted with the mathematical exactitude of western language. The name of Harosheth means probably ‘[the town of] metal-working,’ or ‘the smithy.’ Footnote 318: Being a poem, it was probably handed down orally at first. This would account for variant readings like ‘also the clouds dropped,’ by the side of ‘also the heavens dropped,’ in _v._ 4; or ‘in the days of Jael,’ by the side of ‘in the days of Shamgar ben-Anath,’ in _v._ 6. The name of Jael, however, may have been a marginal gloss like _sârîd_, ‘a remnant,’ possibly, in _v._ 13. The song was almost certainly written from the outset in the letters of the so-called Phœnician alphabet, and not in cuneiform characters. Had it been written in cuneiform there would have been a confusion between _aleph_, _hê_ and _’ayin_, which cannot be detected in it. At the same time, the use of the preposition _bě_ in _vv._ 2 and 15 (_b’ Isrâel_, _b’ Issachar_) could be explained from the cuneiform syllabary, in which the character _pi_ (used for _bi_ in the Tel el-Amarna tablets) also has the value of _yi_. The omission of the article, which is a characteristic of the Song, reminds us that in Canaanite or Phœnician the definite article of Hebrew did not exist. Footnote 319: A variant reading gave ‘clouds’ instead of ‘heavens.’ Footnote 320: Probably a marginal gloss. Footnote 321: This line also is corrupt, but there is a reference to it again in verse 11, ‘The people of Yahveh went down to the gates.’ Footnote 322: _I.e._ on the road. Footnote 323: _Dabbĕrî shîr_, with a play on the name of Deborah. Footnote 324: The Massoretic text has ‘captives.’ Footnote 325: The text is here again corrupt. The Septuagint renders it: ‘Then went down the remnant to the strong.’ But _sârîd_, ‘remnant,’ is possibly a marginal gloss derived from the name of the place Sarid in Zebulon (Josh. xix. 10), the meaning being ‘Then the people of Yahveh descended to Sarid to the nobles.’ The second member of the verse shows that the ‘nobles’ are Israelites. Footnote 326: The text cannot be right here, though the general meaning of it is clear. Footnote 327: