The early history of the HebrewsSayce, A. H. (Archibald Henry)
History
The early history of the Hebrews
Sayce, A. H. (Archibald Henry)
Bible. Old Testament -- Criticism, interpretation, etc.; Jews -- History -- To 953 B.C.
The text, which is on a stela found in the ruined temple of Isis at
the south-east corner of the great pyramid of Gizeh, is now in the
Cairo Museum. It has been published by M. Daressy in the _Recueil des
Travaux relatifs à la Philologie et à l’Archéologie égyptiennes et
assyriennes_ (xvi. 3, 4, 1894), and is dated in the third year of king
Ai. It follows from the inscription that ‘the domain called that of
the Hittites’ lay to the north of the great temple of Ptah, and
immediately to the south of two smaller temples built by Thothmes I.
and Thothmes IV. In the time of Herodotos there was a similar district
assigned to the Phœnicians, and known as ‘the Camp of the Tyrians,’ on
the south side of the temple of Ptah (see my _Egypt of the Hebrews and
Herodotos_, p. 251).
Footnote 20:
Amurru, ‘the Amorite god,’ was a name which had been given by the
Sumerians, the earlier population of Chaldæa, to the Syrian Hadad whom
the Babylonians identified with their Ramman or Rimmon (cf. Zech. xii.
11). A cuneiform text published by Reisner (_Sumerisch-babylonische
Hymnen nach Thontafeln griechischer Zeit_, p. 139, lines 141-144)
couples Amurru, ‘the lord of the mountains,’ with Asratu, the
Canaanitish Asherah, ‘the lady of the plain.’ Asratu is identified
with the Babylonian Gubarra.
Footnote 21:
W. A. I. v. 12, 47.
Footnote 22:
W. A. I. v. 33, i. 37.
Footnote 23:
_Padanu_ also had the meaning of ‘path.’ Whether this is derived from
the other or belongs to a different root is questionable. But in the
sense of ‘path,’ _padanu_ was a synonym of Kharran.
Footnote 24:
This does not imply that the population which founded the kingdom of
Mitanni, and probably came from the mountains of Komagênê or of Ararat
in the north, was unknown in early Babylonia. In fact, one of the
_Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets_, published by the British
Museum in 1896 (Bu. 91-5-9, 296), contains the names of ‘the governor’
Akhsir-Babu and other witnesses to a contract, most of which are
Mitannian.
Footnote 25:
I have given the tablet in transliteration in the _Proceedings_ of the
Society of Biblical Archæology, Nov. 1883, p. 18. The passage reads:
‘14-½ shekels of lead we have weighed in _nakhur_.’
Footnote 26:
See Sachau, _Die altaramäische Inschrift auf der Statue des Königs
Panammu von Sam-al_ and _Aramäische Inschriften_ in the _Mittheilungen
aus den orientalischen Sammlungen d. K. Museums zu Berlin_, ix., and
the _Sitzungsberichte der K. preussischen Akademie der
Wissenschaften_, xli. (1896).
Footnote 27:
See my _Races of the Old Testament_, pp. 110-117, and H. G. Tomkins in
the _Journal_ of the Anthropological Institute, Feb. 1889.
Footnote 28:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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