The conquest of Brecknock (Brecheiniog) we have already briefly referred to. It must have begun as early as 1088, for in that year Bernard de Neufmarché gave to St Peter's Abbey at Gloucester the church and manor of Glasbury. The inheritance of Bernard passed by marriage to the De Braoses, and from them to the Mortimers. It is convenient to mention in this connection the Norman conquest of Radnor, of which the De Braoses and Mortimers were the heroes. A charter of Philip de Braose, not later than 1096, is dated at "Raddenoam."[905] Even during the anarchy of Stephen's reign, the Mortimers were able to maintain their hold on this district, for the _Brut_ relates that in 1145, Hugh, son of Ralph Mortimer, conquered Malienydd and Elvael the second time.[906] These two districts properly belong to Powys, though geographically in South Wales. We leave to the last the conquest of Glamorgan, which may possibly have been one of the earliest, but whose date is still a matter of dispute, owing to the legendary nature of the Aberpergwm version of the _Brut_, the only one which even alludes to this conquest. We have, however, an initial date given us in the year 1082, when the _Brut y Tywysogion_ tell us of the building of Cardiff Castle.[907] The conquest of "Morgannwg," that is the country between the Usk and the Neath, was the most permanent of any of those accomplished by the Normans in Wales, but its details are the most obscure of any. The earlier version of the _Brut_ takes no notice of the conquest of Glamorgan; the later version which goes by the name of the _Gwentian Chronicle_[908] tells us that the Norman Robert Fitz Hamon, being called in to the help of one Welsh prince against another, conquered Glamorgan for himself, and divided it amongst his followers, who built castles in all parts of the country. The date given is 1088. It seems to be agreed by historians that while the facts of Robert Fitz Hamon's existence and of his conquest of Glamorgan are certain, the details and the list of followers given in this chronicle are quite untrustworthy.[909] The district called Gower did not then form part of Glamorgan, as it does now, though it is still ecclesiastically separate. If we are to believe the Aberpergwm _Brut_, it must have been conquered in 1094, when William de Londres, one of the "knights" of Robert Fitz Hamon, built a strong castle in Cydweli (Kidwelly).[910] We will now briefly notice such of the castles of these various districts as are mentioned in the sources to which we have already referred in our last chapter, taking them in the order of the modern counties in which they are found. CASTLES OF PEMBROKESHIRE.