[528] Norwich was not a Roman town; see Haverfield, _Vict. Hist. of Norfolk_, i., 320. But the Roman road from Caistor passed exactly underneath the castle motte. _Brit. Arch. Assoc. Journ._, xlvi., Rev. H. Dukinfield Astley. [529] Harrod's _Gleanings among Castles_, p. 137. [530] _Mon. Ang._, iv., 13. In 37 Henry III. the monks of Norwich Priory received "licentiam includendi eandem villam cum fossis," and by doing this they enclosed the lands of other fees. [531] _Arch. Journ._, xlvi., 445. [532] Kirkpatrick's _Notes of Norwich Castle_, written about 1725. He states that the angles of the motte had been spoilt, and much of it fallen away. [533] _Archæologia_, vol. xii. [534] Mr Hartshorne thought it was built between 1120 and 1125. _Arch. Journ._, xlvi., 260. It is certainly not as late as Henry II.'s reign, or the accounts for it would appear in the _Pipe Rolls_. [535] _Pipe Rolls_, 19 Henry II., p. 117. In reparatione pontis lapidei et palicii et 3 bretascharum in eodem castello, 20_l._ 4_s._ 8_d._ [536] _Close Rolls_, ii., 22. Order that the palicium of Norwich Castle, which has fallen down and is threatened with ruin, be repaired. [537] Kirkpatrick, _Notes on Norwich Castle_. [538] Except Kirkpatrick, who shows a judicious scepticism on the subject. _Ibid._, p. 248. [539] _Mon. Ang._, i., 482. [540] D. B., ii., 117. [541] Ordericus, ii., 184. [542] Published in a paper on Nottingham Castle by Mr Emanuel Green, in _Arch. Journ._ for December 1901. [543] See Mr Green's paper, as above, p. 388. [544] "Apud Rokingham liberavimus Philippo Marco ad faciendam turrim quam dominus Rex precepit fieri in Mota de Notingham 100 marcas quas burgenses de Notingham et Willelmus Fil. Baldwini dederunt domino Regi pro benevolencia sua habenda." In Cole's _Documents Illustrative of English History_, 235. There is some reason to think that John instead of building the cylindrical keeps which were then coming into fashion, reverted to the square form generally followed by his father. [545] _Pipe Rolls_, 1170-1186. The _Pipe Roll_ of 6 Richard I. mentions the making of "1 posterne in mota," which may be the secret passage in the rock. [546] This is rendered probable by a writ of Henry III.'s reign, ordering that half a mark is to be paid annually to Isolde de Gray for the land which she had lost in King John's time "_per incrementum forinseci ballii Castri de Notinge_." _Close Rolls_, i., 508. [547] _Close Rolls_, i., 548b. "Videat quid et quantum mæremii opus fuerit ad barbecanas et palitia ipsius castri reparanda" (1223). _Close Rolls_, i., 531b. Timber ordered for the repair of the bridges, bretasches, and _palicium gardini_ (1223). _Cal. of Close Rolls_, 1286, p. 390: Constable is to have timber to repair the weir of the mill, and the _palings of the court_ of the castle. Nottingham was one of eight castles in which John had baths put up. _Rot. Misæ._, 7 John.