Great Britain -- History -- Plantagenets, 1154-1399; Plantagenet, House of
As soon as this was done he went to Normandy, in March, 1166, and
stayed away until March, 1170. During this time little or nothing but
the ordinary business of justice and taxation is recorded in English
authorities. The Becket quarrel was the all-engrossing subject, the
sole question of public interest. Abroad the view is only diversified
by negotiation and border warfare with Lewis VII., and by the carrying
out of Henry’s plan for securing possession of Brittany by the marriage
of his third son, Geoffrey, with the heiress of the count. Having
spent nearly four years in this way he returned, in order to look
after business at home, and in particular to see his eldest son, who
was fifteen, crowned as his associate and successor in the kingdom.
The importance of the former acts comes into prominence in the later
history of the reign. The coronation was the first of a series of
events which sealed Becket’s fate. It was solemnized the 14th of June,
at Westminster. The Archbishop of York, Roger of Pont l’Eveque, an
old rival of Thomas Becket, placed the crown on the boy’s head, in
contravention of the right of Canterbury, and in the absence of the
little Queen Margaret. Lewis was exasperated by this act of neglect or
disrespect shown to his daughter; Becket was maddened by the contempt
shown for his authority. The storm began to rage; Lewis went to war;
Thomas, and the counts whom he made his friends, besieged the Pope with
prayers, and at last he sent or promised to send a definitive legation
to place Henry’s dominions under interdict, and compel him to recall
the archbishop.
[Sidenote:
Reconciliation
of Henry and
Becket.
]
[Sidenote:
Becket’s
return.
]
[Sidenote:
Henry’s rash
words.
]
Then Henry gave way. Crossing to Normandy a few days after the
coronation, he met Becket at Freteval in July, and there consented to
the return of his great enemy. Three months, however, intervened before
Becket started for home, and during that time he had several meetings
with the king, in which he behaved, or his behaviour was interpreted,
in a way very prejudicial to his reputation for sincerity. At last he
reached England, early in December, and as soon as he landed began to
excommunicate the bishops who had crowned the boy Henry. At London and
at Canterbury he was received with delight. Henry had become unpopular:
the archbishop’s popularity had been increased by his absence, and
the multitude does occasionally sympathize with a man who has been
oppressed. The news of his rash, intemperate conduct reached Henry at
court, at Bur, near Bayeux, where he had established himself after a
very severe illness in the autumn. In high passion the king spoke words
which he would have recalled at once, but which laid on him a life-long
burden: “Would all his servants stand by and see him thus defied by one
whom he had himself raised from poverty to wealth and power? Would no
one rid him of the troublesome clerk?”
[Sidenote:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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