The Earth as Modified by Human ActionMarsh, George P. (George Perkins)
History
The Earth as Modified by Human Action
Marsh, George P. (George Perkins)
Conservation of natural resources; Human geography; Nature -- Effect of human beings on; Physical geography
But so far as numbers are concerned, the statistics of the furtrade
furnish the most surprising results. Russia sends annually to foreign
markets not less than 20,000,000 squirrel skins, Great Britain has
sometimes imported from South America 600,000 nutria skins in a year.
The Leipzig market receives annually nearly 200,000 ermine, and the
Hudson Bay Company is said to have occasionally burnt 20,000 ermine
skins in order that the market might not be overstocked. Of course
natural reproduction cannot keep pace with this enormous destruction,
and many animals of much interest to natural science are in imminent
danger of final extirpation. [Footnote: Objectionable as game laws are,
they have done something to prevent the extinction of many quadrupeds,
which naturalists would be loth to lose, and, as in the case of the
British ox, private parks and preserves have saved other species from
destruction. Some few wild aminals, such as the American mink, for
example, have been protected and bred with profit, and in Pennsylvania
an association of gentlemen has set apart, and is about enclosing, a
park of 16,000 acres for the breeding of indigenous quadrupeds and
fowls.]
LARGE MARINE ANIMALS RELATIVELY UNIMPORTANT IN GEOGRAPHY.
Vast as is the bulk of some of the higher orders of aquatic animals,
their remains are generally so perishable that, even where most
abundant, they do not appear to be now forming permanent deposits of any
considerable magnitude; but it is quite otherwise with shell-fish, and,
as we shall see hereafter, with many of the minute limeworkers of the
sea. There are, on the southern coast of the United States, beds of
shells so extensive that they were formerly supposed to have been
naturally accumulated, and were appealed to as proofs of an elevation of
the coast by geological causes; but they are now ascertained to have
been derived chiefly from oysters and other shell-fish, consumed in the
course of long ages by the inhabitants of Indian towns. The planting of
a bed of oysters in a new locality might very probably lead, in time, to
the formation of a bank, which, in connection with other deposits, might
perceptibly affect the line of a coast, or, by changing the course of
marine currents, or the outlet of a river, produce geographical changes
of no small importance.
INTRODUCTION AND BREEDING OF FISH.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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