The ecclesiastical architecture of Scotland from the earliest Christian times to the seventeenth century; vol. 2/3MacGibbon, David
History
The ecclesiastical architecture of Scotland from the earliest Christian times to the seventeenth century; vol. 2/3
MacGibbon, David
Church architecture -- Scotland
During the fourteenth century the abbey is much associated with the
history of the Bruces. The romantic marriage of the father of King
Robert to the Countess of Carrick established the family in the earldom.
The countess and her husband were benefactors of the abbey, and their
neighbouring Castle of Turnberry became a protection to the monks.
During Edward’s invasion, in 1296, Henry de Percy was appointed Sheriff
of Ayr. In 1306 he held Turnberry Castle, and a letter, dated by him
from Crosraguel, asking for two engines of war to be sent to him, shows
that siege operations were in contemplation.
During this disturbed period of Scottish history it seems probable that
this abbey, like many other similar institutions throughout the country,
suffered from the effects of war. The buildings show that the original
structure of the monastery has been demolished, and that new edifices
were erected in the fifteenth century; and it is supposed that this
reconstruction was rendered necessary by the damage caused during the
English invasion. When the kingdom became settled, after the War of
Independence, King Robert granted a charter to the abbey, confirming the
endowments of Earl Duncan; and in 1329-30, gifts from the royal purse,
for the repair of the monastery, are noted in the Exchequer Rolls. The
king was lavish in benefactions to the abbey. In 1324 he presented it
with lands, and, as a mark of special favour, he erected the domains of
the abbey into a barony. Shortly after the accession of David II. the
abbot received the king’s penny for three years (amounting to £100, 1s.
10d.) to assist him in the repair of the buildings.
Under the Stewart kings Crosraguel still continued to receive the royal
favour. In 1374 Robert II. confirmed the Crown charters of Robert I.;
and in 1404 the great Crosraguel charter was granted by Robert III.
confirming all the abbey lands and property to be held for ever in free
regality. By this charter the abbot was raised into the position of an
absolute sovereign over all the abbey possessions, which comprised
nearly the whole of the southern division of Ayrshire. The abbey
continued to occupy a high position during the fifteenth century. The
abbot was in favour at Court, and was employed on special missions and
diplomatic services.
In 1460 the Abbot Colin, a man of some eminence, was elected. He devoted
much care to the church and buildings, which he found in a dilapidated
condition, and is believed to have built the existing chapter house. He
died in 1491.
Abbot David obtained a confirmation of the special rights of the abbey
from the Archbishop of Glasgow, and, in 1515, procured a special
dispensation from inspection by the Archbishop of St. Andrews, who was
delegated by the Pope to visit every monastery in Scotland, and to
punish the “excess and enormity of the brethren dwelling therein.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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