The new scheme of vaulting was, doubtless, so arranged as to leave the original grave of St. Mungo undisturbed, and allow the new shrine to be erected over the sacred spot. [Illustration: FIG. 579.--St. Mungo’s Cathedral. Shrine in Lower Church, from South-West.] The eastern part of the lower church is treated in a manner similar to the east aisle and chapels over it, except that in the former the chapels are divided by solid walls (containing arched openings) running between the piers and the east wall. The object of these cross walls has been to [Illustration: FIG. 580.--St. Mungo’s Cathedral. Lower Church: Bay near East End.] give solidity to the lower part of the structure. In the upper church the pillars between the aisle and the eastern chapels stand free, but to have [Illustration: FIG. 581.--St. Mungo’s Cathedral. Lower Church, near East End.] continued these free standing piers down through the lower church would have made the construction weak. Even with the walls between the [Illustration: FIG. 583.--St. Mungo’s Cathedral. Doorway to Chapter House.] chapels in the lower church the construction has proved insufficient, and at this part of the edifice considerable signs of disturbance are observable. The cross walls contain open arches, each with a piscina and credence table; and the central one contains a monument. This is believed to be the effigy of Bishop Wishart (Fig. 582), but as the space is too short to contain it, the lion at the feet has had to be cut away in order to enable the effigy to be placed where it is. It, therefore, seems to have been brought from another site. [Illustration: FIG. 582.--St. Mungo’s Cathedral. Effigy in Lower Church.] In the northmost chapel is the entrance to the chapter house, which corresponds in style with the lower church (Fig. 583), and has apparently been built about the same period. The main wall shafts of the chapter house (Fig. 584), with their rounded and moulded caps and bases, correspond with those of the lower church, and the windows are also of corresponding design (see Fig. 597), except that the external bases of the window shafts are of a later date. The chapter house would appear to have been left incomplete for a long period, and to have been heightened and finished in the fifteenth century, as will be pointed out. The doorway (see Fig. 583), which is in the first pointed style and very ornamental, was evidently designed to give access to it. [Illustration: FIG. 584.--St. Mungo’s Cathedral. Details of Wall Shafts of Chapter House.] The plain cross vaulting of the side aisles of the lower church corresponds with the piers of the subdivided bays, and on the exterior, opposite each intermediate pillar (see Fig. 568), there is a buttress of lesser dimensions than the main buttresses opposite the main piers. [Illustration: FIG. 585.--St. Mungo’s Cathedral. South Doorway to Lower Church.]