The economic position of womenAcademy of Political Science in the City of New York
History
The economic position of women
Academy of Political Science in the City of New York
Women -- Employment -- United States; Women -- United States -- Economic conditions
II. The continuation school helps those girls who are forced by poverty
to go to work without sufficient education by giving them opportunity
for further training in the evening, on Sunday or on weekday
afternoons. Such schools are well developed in Germany. Compulsory day
continuation schools (_Fortbildungsschulen_) are found in Bavaria,
with Baden, Württemberg and Prussia inclined to follow closely. They
aim not only to continue the intellectual and moral culture of the
students, but to prepare them for definite trades and occupations. The
work for girls is less developed along commercial and industrial lines
than that for boys, but in domestic features is very comprehensive.
There are usually three divisions of work for girls--commercial, for
clerks and secretaries; domestic, for training in home occupations;
and industrial, for arts such as dressmaking, millinery, lingerie, art
needlework, machine embroidery, designing, bookbinding and photography.
Germany considers that such schools prevent the waste of life which
occurs when workers are uneducated and unprepared. As these schools
have employers of labor on their boards of management the work is
practical and is kept up to the requirements of industry.
In Bavaria, as has been said before, when a girl legally finishes her
compulsory education she can go to work, but she is not therefore
released from school. She is offered her choice of the following
courses:
_a._ The eighth-grade class for one year, 30 hours weekly, and the
Sunday school or weekly continuation class for a year following.
_b._ A school which meets on Sunday for three years, 3¹⁄₂ hours a week.
_c._ A commercial or domestic continuation school for three years, 5
to 10 hours weekly.
_d._ A division of the three years of required education between these
various kinds of schools.
Thus the Bavarian girl has a fine opportunity to prepare for her
future and to be ready for her lifework no matter what it is. The
eighth-grade work is duplicated in the continuation class, so that if
the family finances are so straitened that the daughter cannot attend
the eighth-grade class for a year, she can still obtain this valuable
training in afternoon and Sunday classes. The government requirement
that employers must allow their young employes to attend day school
during each week is a wise one, for these girls are too young to profit
by night instruction. The training has been found to give a good
economic return, for the workrooms gradually obtain skilled help and
the worker is enabled to obtain a good position and become a valuable
citizen.
An excellent _Fortbildungsschule_ is the _Frauenarbeitsschule_, carried
on at _Oberangerstrasse 17_, Munich. The building, once a palace, is
large, simple and adequate; the work is excellent and well organized.
The handwork is carried to a high pitch of technical skill and the
domestic instruction offers opportunities for specialists.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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