------------------+----+-------------+--------------+-------------------- A. Estates | |Total extent.|Average | Horses (or oxen). with large | +-------+-----+(Dessiatines).|----+-------+------- agriculture. |Num-|Dessia-|Per | +--------+Num-|To 1 |To one |ber.|tines. |cent.| |Ploughs.|ber.|estate.|plough. ------------------+----+-------+-----+-----+--------+----+-------+------- I. Without ploughs| | | | | | | | Still with | | | | | | | | working | | | | | | | | horses | 70 | 33672| 33 | 481 | | 544| 7.8 | | | | | | | | | II. With ploughs | | | | | | | | a) with working | 72 | 62840|63} | 873 | 454 |1087| 15.1 | 2.4 horses | | | }67| | | | | b) with oxen | 2 | 3966| 4} |1983 | 37 | 34| 17 | 0.9 +----+-------+-----+-----+--------+----+-------+------- Total |144 | 100478| 100 | | 491 | | | ------------------+----+-------+-----+-----+--------+----+-------+------- ----------------+-----------------+---------+---------+---------+ | | | Ploughland tilled | | | | by the owner. | | | | (Dessiatines.) | B. Ploughs | Average estate. |Ploughs. |---------+---------| furnished. | (Dessiatines.) | | In all. | To 1 | | | | | plough. | ----------------+-----------------+---------+---------+---------+ By the landlord | 903 | 491 | 44764 | 91 | By the laborer | 369 | 115 | 16710 | 145 | (_l. c._ p. 97.)| | | | | +-----------------+---------+---------+---------+ Total | 577 | 606 | 61474 | 101 | ----------------+-----------------+---------+---------+---------+ [166] _Statistical Reports for the Gubernia of Ryazañ_, vol. I., pp. 17-18. By “property of the capitalistic class,” is understood all estates belonging to merchants, whatever may be the size of the holding, as well as every estate above 50 dessiatines, whatever may be the legal status of its owner (merchant, burgher or peasant). All holdings below this size, except those owned by the noblemen and merchants, are included in the class of small property. The idea of this classification is to divide historical landed property of the nobility from landholding for mercantile purposes, as well as from that in which the owner may be supposed to be himself the tiller of his land. [167] _Ibid._, pp. 28-29.