Confining his operations to the kitchen, another such teacher of this plantation was unusually successful in instructing the adult male slaves. Five of these Negroes experienced such enlightenment that they became preachers.[11] [Footnote 1: Drew, _Refugee_, p. 97.] [Footnote 2: Ibid., p. 45.] [Footnote 3: Ibid., p. 185.] [Footnote 4: Snowden, _Autobiography_, p. 23.] [Footnote 5: Albert, _The House of Bondage_, p. 125.] [Footnote 6: Birney, _The Grimké Sisters_, p. 11.] [Footnote 7: Simmons, _Men of Mark_, p. 613.] [Footnote 8: This fact is stated in one of her letters.] [Footnote 9: Abdy, _Journal of a Residence and Tour in U.S.A._, 1833-1834. P. 346.] [Footnote 10: Smedes, _A Southern Planter_, pp. 79-80.] [Footnote 11: Ibid., p. 80.] Planters themselves sometimes saw to the education of their slaves. Ephraim Waterford was bound out in Virginia until he was twenty-one on the condition that the man to whom he was hired should teach him to read.[1] Mrs. Isaac Riley and Henry Williamson, of Maryland, did not attend school but were taught by their master to spell and read but not to write.[2] The master and mistress of Williamson Pease, of Hardman County, Tennessee, were his teachers.[3] Francis Fredric began his studies under his master in Virginia. Frederick Douglass was indebted to his kind mistress for his first instruction.[4] Mrs. Thomas Payne, a slave in what is now West Virginia, was fortunate in having a master who was equally benevolent.[5] Honorable I.T. Montgomery, now the Mayor of Mound Bayou, Mississippi, was, while a slave of Jefferson Davis's brother, instructed in the common branches and trained to be the confidential accountant of his master's plantation.[6] While on a tour among the planters of East Georgia, C.G. Parsons discovered that about 5000 of the 400,000 slaves there had been taught to read and write. He remarked, too, that such slaves were generally owned by the wealthy slaveholders, who had them schooled when the enlightenment of the bondmen served the purposes of their masters.[7] [Footnote 1: Drew, _A North-Side View of Slavery_, p. 373.] [Footnote 2: Ibid., p. 133.] [Footnote 3: Ibid., p. 123.] [Footnote 4: Lee, _Slave Life in Virginia and Kentucky_, p. x.] [Footnote 5: Simmons, _Men of Mark_, p. 368.] [Footnote 6: This is his own statement.] [Footnote 7: Parsons, _Inside View_, etc., p. 248.]