The Effects of Cross & Self-Fertilisation in the Vegetable KingdomDarwin, Charles
Science
The Effects of Cross & Self-Fertilisation in the Vegetable Kingdom
Darwin, Charles
Fertilization of plants; Plants -- Variation; Pollination
Some flowers on the self-fertilised plants in Pot 4 in Table 3/19 were
fertilised with their own pollen, and plants of the eighth
self-fertilised generation were thus raised, merely to serve as parents
in the following experiment. Several flowers on these plants were
allowed to fertilise themselves spontaneously (insects being of course
excluded), and the plants raised from these seeds formed the ninth
self-fertilised generation; they consisted wholly of the tall white
variety with crimson blotches. Other flowers on the same plants of the
eighth self-fertilised generation were crossed with pollen taken from
another plant of the same lot; so that the seedlings thus raised were
the offspring of eight previous generations of self-fertilisation with
an intercross in the last generation; these I will call the INTERCROSSED
PLANTS. Lastly, other flowers on the same plants of the eighth
self-fertilised generation were crossed with pollen taken from plants
which had been raised from seed procured from a garden at Chelsea. The
Chelsea plants bore yellow flowers blotched with red, but differed in no
other respect. They had been grown out of doors, whilst mine had been
cultivated in pots in the greenhouse for the last eight generations, and
in a different kind of soil. The seedlings raised from this cross with a
wholly different stock may be called the CHELSEA-CROSSED. The three lots
of seeds thus obtained were allowed to germinate on bare sand; and
whenever a seed in all three lots, or in only two, germinated at the
same time, they were planted in pots superficially divided into three or
two compartments. The remaining seeds, whether or not in a state of
germination, were thickly sown in three divisions in a large pot, 10, in
Table 3/20. When the plants had grown to their full height they were
measured, as shown in Table 3/20; but only the three tallest plants in
each of the three divisions in Pot 10 were measured.
TABLE 3/20. Mimulus luteus.
Heights of Plants in inches:
Column 1: Number (Name) of Pot.
Column 2: Plants from Self-fertilised Plants of the Eighth Generation
crossed by Chelsea Plants.
Column 3: Plants from an intercross between the Plants of the Eighth
Self-fertilised Generation.
Column 4: Self-fertilised Plants of the Ninth Generation from Plants of
the Eighth Self-fertilised Generation.
Pot 1 : 30 7/8 : 14 : 9 4/8.
Pot 1 : 28 3/8 : 13 6/8 : 10 5/8.
Pot 1 : -- : 13 7/8 : 10.
Pot 2 : 20 6/8 : 11 4/8 : 11 6/8.
Pot 2 : 22 2/8 : 12 : 12 3/8.
Pot 2 : -- : 9 1/8 : --.
Pot 3 : 23 6/8 : 12 2/8 : 8 5/8.
Pot 3 : 24 1/8 : -- : 11 4/8.
Pot 3 : 25 6/8 : -- : 6 7/8.
Pot 4 : 22 5/8 : 9 2/8 : 4.
Pot 4 : 22 : 8 1/8 : 13 3/8.
Pot 4 : 17 : -- : 11.
Pot 5 : 22 3/8 : 9 : 4 4/8.
Pot 5 : 19 5/8 : 11 : 13.
Pot 5 : 23 4/8 : -- : 13 4/8.
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