The Egyptian Book of the dead

Future life; Incantations, Egyptian

2. Bread and beer are not mentioned in the earliest text, which has
other important variants. The latest texts have the verb ⁂⁂,
_wash_, _make clean_, _purify_, of which ⁂⁂⁂ on the Berlin
statue and the Theban papyri may fairly be considered an older form. But
Horhotep has ⁂⁂⁂, a different word and occurring in a
grammatical construction differing from that of the other texts.

The words ⁂⁂⁂⁂⁂⁂⁂ occur as a familiar formula in
the Pyramid texts (Unas, 185, 205; Teta, 91); but Horhotep interpolates
⁂⁂ after ⁂⁂⁂. The determinatives of the group
⁂⁂⁂ (sometimes ⁂ or ⁂), show that the copyist
understood the word as meant for the sacrificial joint.

It is not uninteresting to note, with reference to the correctness of
the title of this chapter, that the Pyramid ritual (Unas, 205) expressly
says of the deceased that “the sacrificial joint with the white bread”
are the “largess” (⁂⁂) which he receives.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

PLATE XXVII.

                           BOOK OF THE DEAD.

[Illustration:

  CHAPTER C.
  =Papyrus, Musée du Louvre,
  No. III, 93.=
]

[Illustration:

  CHAPTER C.
  =Papyrus, Boulaq Museum, No. 21.=
]

[Illustration:

  CHAPTER C.
  =Papyrus, Musée du Louvre,
  No. III, 89.=
]

[Illustration:

  CHAPTER CII.
  =Papyrus, Musée du Louvre,
  No. III, 36.=
]

[Illustration:

  CHAPTER CIX.
  ROSELLINI, “Mon. del Culto.,” pl. XXIII.
]

[Illustration:

  CHAPTER CII.
  =Papyrus Brocklehurst, II.=
]

[Illustration:

  CHAPTER CVIII.
  =Papyrus, Berlin Museum, No. II.=
]

[Illustration:

  CHAPTER CIX.
  =Papyrus, British Museum, No. 9900.=
]

------------------------------------------------------------------------

PLATE XXVIII.

                           BOOK OF THE DEAD.

[Illustration: CHAPTER CX. =Papyrus, Leyden Museum.=]

------------------------------------------------------------------------

                  ------------------------------------




                             CHAPTER CVII.


[The chapter so called consists, in fact, of the first two lines of
chapter 109. The vignette over it really belongs to chapter 108. It has
no separate existence in any of the papyri of the best periods.]

                  ------------------------------------




                             CHAPTER CVIII.

         _Chapter whereby one knoweth the Powers of the West._


In respect of the Hill of Bachau(1.) upon which heaven resteth, it
presenteth itself(2.) three hundred cubits in length(3.) and two hundred
cubits in breadth.

Sebak, the Lord of Bachau, is at the east of the Hill, and his temple is
upon it.

There is a serpent on the brow of that hill, five hundred cubits in
length, three cubits of his forepart are pierced with swords.

I know the name of this serpent on his hill: “He who dwelleth in his own
flame” is his name.(4.)

Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.

Opening the text

Religion

The Egyptian Book of the dead

Future life; Incantations, Egyptian

2. Bread and beer are not mentioned in the earliest text, which has
other important variants. The latest texts have the verb ⁂⁂,
_wash_, _make clean_, _purify_, of which ⁂⁂⁂ on the Berlin
statue and the Theban papyri may fairly be considered an older form. But
Horhotep has ⁂⁂⁂, a different word and occurring in a
grammatical construction differing from that of the other texts.

The words ⁂⁂⁂⁂⁂⁂⁂ occur as a familiar formula in
the Pyramid texts (Unas, 185, 205; Teta, 91); but Horhotep interpolates
⁂⁂ after ⁂⁂⁂. The determinatives of the group
⁂⁂⁂ (sometimes ⁂ or ⁂), show that the copyist
understood the word as meant for the sacrificial joint.

It is not uninteresting to note, with reference to the correctness of
the title of this chapter, that the Pyramid ritual (Unas, 205) expressly
says of the deceased that “the sacrificial joint with the white bread”
are the “largess” (⁂⁂) which he receives.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

PLATE XXVII.

                           BOOK OF THE DEAD.

[Illustration:

  CHAPTER C.
  =Papyrus, Musée du Louvre,
  No. III, 93.=
]

[Illustration:

  CHAPTER C.
  =Papyrus, Boulaq Museum, No. 21.=
]

[Illustration:

  CHAPTER C.
  =Papyrus, Musée du Louvre,
  No. III, 89.=
]

[Illustration:

  CHAPTER CII.
  =Papyrus, Musée du Louvre,
  No. III, 36.=
]

[Illustration:

  CHAPTER CIX.
  ROSELLINI, “Mon. del Culto.,” pl. XXIII.
]

[Illustration:

  CHAPTER CII.
  =Papyrus Brocklehurst, II.=
]

[Illustration:

  CHAPTER CVIII.
  =Papyrus, Berlin Museum, No. II.=
]

[Illustration:

  CHAPTER CIX.
  =Papyrus, British Museum, No. 9900.=
]

------------------------------------------------------------------------

PLATE XXVIII.

                           BOOK OF THE DEAD.

[Illustration: CHAPTER CX. =Papyrus, Leyden Museum.=]

------------------------------------------------------------------------

                  ------------------------------------




                             CHAPTER CVII.


[The chapter so called consists, in fact, of the first two lines of
chapter 109. The vignette over it really belongs to chapter 108. It has
no separate existence in any of the papyri of the best periods.]

                  ------------------------------------




                             CHAPTER CVIII.

         _Chapter whereby one knoweth the Powers of the West._


In respect of the Hill of Bachau(1.) upon which heaven resteth, it
presenteth itself(2.) three hundred cubits in length(3.) and two hundred
cubits in breadth.

Sebak, the Lord of Bachau, is at the east of the Hill, and his temple is
upon it.

There is a serpent on the brow of that hill, five hundred cubits in
length, three cubits of his forepart are pierced with swords.

I know the name of this serpent on his hill: “He who dwelleth in his own
flame” is his name.(4.)

Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.

The Egyptian Book of the dead

The Egyptian Book of the dead

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