Particular mention must be made of factory crèches and family crèches. (_a_) Many factory owners construct crèches and feeding-rooms for the infants of women working in their factories, and arrange for such women to leave work at intervals to suckle their children. The employers do this, not so much from the goodness of their hearts, as with an eye to their own well-considered interest. The working time they lose amounts to very little, and they hope that their benevolent actions will secure the goodwill, and consequently the hearty co-operation, of their workpeople. (_b_) A recent development is the family crèche. Adequate maintenance and free house-room are guaranteed to a widow, in return for her undertaking to care during the day for a restricted number of infants (and in some cases, also, children of school age). Family crèches share to some extent the advantages of the family care of infants. Their great and obvious advantage lies in the fact that they facilitate decentralisation--that is, the crèche can be nearer to the homes of the infants’ parents. Their main defect lies in their failure, as a rule, to satisfy the demands of modern hygiene; a second disadvantage is that systematic occupation for the older children is usually difficult to arrange in the family crèche. For these reasons it is unlikely that they will ever become very general. _Proposed Reforms._--Proper training and discipline are requisite, not only for midwives, but also for medical practitioners. Proper training of mothers is also necessary. Most young mothers seek advice above all from midwives, and these latter often advise very badly. In the first place, there are many matters connected with the care of infancy about which midwives have no expert knowledge. Secondly, midwives often advise mothers not to suckle their children, but to bring them up by hand, because the case is sooner done with and the midwife has less to do when the mother does not suckle. In many German towns, a number of the institutions for the care of infants, and also the offices for the registration of births, distribute printed instructions regarding the care of infants, with especial reference to the matter of infant-feeding. The principle of these attempts is sound, but unfortunately many such leaflets are rather long-winded, and consequently remain unread. It has been suggested that every woman entering upon marriage should have to display a knowledge of the elements of the hygiene of infant life, and more especially of the principles of infant-feeding; or else that the duty should be imposed upon women of acquiring the requisite knowledge within six months after marriage--by attendance at one of a number of schools to be founded with this end in view. The idea of this proposal is sound, but it is one which it is hardly possible to put into practice precisely in the form here stated.