The Employments of Women: A Cyclopædia of Woman's WorkPenny, Virginia
General
The Employments of Women: A Cyclopædia of Woman's Work
Penny, Virginia
Women -- Employment
about five hundred hands, write they pay from $3 to $5 per week of ten
hours a day, and that it requires two years to learn the trade. S. & D.,
manufacturers and venders of boys' clothing, write: "Their work is done
by the piece, so much a garment, and wages run from $2 to $6 a week, of
ten hours a day--of course, depending on the skill and hours of the
worker. The relative wages between men and women are, as sewers, say for
men, one third more; that is, as four for the women and six for the men.
The business of a tailoress is numbered among the regular trades for
women, and requires somewhat more than the average trade time, say one
year. They excel as vest makers--a branch almost exclusively confined to
them. There is no uniform usage in regard to pay. The requisites are
good eyesight, average strength, and if taste be superadded, the better.
Winter is the best season for those who work for wholesale venders.
Women are most apt to be out of employment in summer. The demand is, at
present, less than the supply. There is a surplus of vest makers, and a
deficiency, if anywhere, in children's suit making. It is an occupation
less suited to women than trades that require more nicety of touch and
eye, such as designing or wood engraving. The majority of tailoresses in
New York city are German and Irish." A firm engaged in the merchant
tailoring and ready-made clothing business write: "The occupation is
unhealthy, because the workers are constantly sitting. They earn from $2
to $4.50 per week, ten hours a day. We pay men better, because they are
stronger and more capable, and have more experience. Men receive from $9
to $12. It requires four years for men to learn the business, and two
years for women to learn it so as to earn $4 per week. The
qualifications needed are common sense, good taste, and strong eyes.
From March to January is the busy season; but good hands have work all
the year." B. O. & S. "give their work out. Their trade is Southern.
Their spring work begins 1st October, and continues until the last of
March; and fall work begins in May, and lasts until September. They do
not require a deposit, but a recommendation from the last employer, and
give some work to applicants to do as a sample. Some is done by hand,
some by machinery, Wages run from $3 up. Much of their work is done by
Germans, whose wives assist them. It is sometimes difficult for them to
get good hands. The foreman dismissed the Jews he found at work when he
went there, for he thinks they are not reliable. Some get work out, but
intrust it to others to do, and so it is poorly done. The foreman said
many women spend a day or two out of every week running from shop to
shop to get work. He has never lost anything by girls not returning
goods. If they should keep them, they would soon be known at the
different establishments, and have no place to go for work." In Maine,
New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New
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