The Employments of Women: A Cyclopædia of Woman's WorkPenny, Virginia
General
The Employments of Women: A Cyclopædia of Woman's Work
Penny, Virginia
Women -- Employment
The prospect of future employment is fair. The comparative
comfort and remuneration of the work are good. Comfortable board, $3 a
week." A company in Northfield, Conn., inform us: "It requires from
three to five years to learn the men's part of the work. Some of the
women work by the piece, and some by the day, receiving from $3 to $5
per week. The same price would be paid to men. The prospect of future
employment is good. They work throughout the year. Women are superior in
quickness. A locality should be fixed on where good water power may be
had."
=223. Needles.= Most of the needles used in Europe and America are
manufactured at Redditch, fourteen miles from Birmingham, where there
are about a dozen very large factories. The number manufactured in
Redditch amounts to about seventy million per week. The process is a
very long and painful one. The drilling is done by young women. The
constrained posture and rigid gaze of the women on the eyes of the
needles as they drill, is distressing. It requires a perfect steadiness
of hand. In addition to this, the small channel observed on each side of
the eye is made by women with a suitable file. The picking out of
defective needles, and laying perfect ones with the heads one way and
the points another, is performed by children. Dr. G. C. Holland writes:
"We candidly admit that the physical evils produced by needle grinding
exceed all that imagination has pictured." The needle grinders in
England are said to be ignorant and dissipated. One half can neither
read nor write. The dust which is evolved in the process of needle
grinding, contains a much larger amount of steel than is produced by any
other grinding. Mr. Aiken, inventor of the knitting machine, has the
machines and needles both manufactured. He says "he supposes he could
teach women to do most of the work on needles, if he would give the time
and trouble. He pays $1 per day to hands in the needle room." In the
manufacture of Bartlett's sewing-machine needles, but a few small girls
are employed, at from $1 to $1.50 per week, for smoothing the eye by
running an oiled thread through it. Formerly they employed girls to
perforate the eye, but it is now done by machinery. A manufacturer of
knitting needles writes us: "The winter season is the best for work, and
the Eastern States furnish the best localities for manufactories." A
maker of sewing-machine needles told me the tools are rather heavy,
files and a lathe being used. They pay a boy of fourteen years $3 a
week, and one of eighteen, $5.50. C. employs girls to envelop and label
needles. They earn from $3 to $4 a week, and do it at home. It takes a
long time to become expert. They are paid from the first, but not much.
The business is limited. They could have it done for less in England,
but prefer to put labels on for parties in this country, who want to be
considered manufacturers. G. & B. employ some girls to label and paper
needles they import. They pay two cents and a half for putting the
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