The Employments of Women: A Cyclopædia of Woman's WorkPenny, Virginia
General
The Employments of Women: A Cyclopædia of Woman's Work
Penny, Virginia
Women -- Employment
A lady took lessons of either her or her husband, to
teach in the school of design. S. employs one woman for painting, and
fifteen for burnishing china. China decorating is usually paid for by
the piece. Mixing the colors for china painting is not more unhealthy
than mixing them for canvas, and putting them on not more so than any
other sedentary occupation. A French decorator told me that in Paris he
gave private instruction to some ladies who learned it for a pastime,
and a few who made a business of it. Boston, New York, Philadelphia, and
New Orleans are the only places where china is painted in the United
States. L. thinks a person of taste and abilities could learn in one
year, earning nothing during the time, and after that earn from $5 to
$10 a week. He pays his burnishers $3 a week. Another decorator told me
he pays his burnishers (girls) from $2 to $2.50 a week. The foreman of a
large establishment in New York told me that it requires several years
to learn to decorate perfectly. Most decorators design their own
patterns, and usually earn $12 a week. He says, in busy seasons it is
difficult to get enough of good burnishers. His girls work only in
daylight, and earn from $3 to $5 a week. They are busy all the
year--most so three months before New Year. It requires three months'
practice to become a good burnisher. A learner receives $1 a week from
the time she commences to learn burnishing: he thinks it is not hard on
the eyes. The work is paid for by the piece. If there was a higher
protective duty, more decorating would be done in the United States.
LEATHER.
=276. Leather.= A leather dresser, somewhere in New York State, writes:
"Leather dressing is a disagreeable, wet business, fit only for men.
After leather is dressed, all the other work can be done by women. We
cut by measure and by pattern. A person cutting and making should earn
one hundred per cent. Women can cut, make, and sell as well as men, I
suppose even better."
=277. Currying.= The currying of skins might be done by women. Cutting
it of the desired thickness, soaking it in water, and working it with a
small stone, cleaning it with a brush, and, in the drying shed, applying
oil and tallow, would not require very long practice for one of any
mechanical talent. The skin is softened by being doubled and washed with
a grooved board. It is then carefully shaved, and worked again, after
which it is blackened and grained. The work would require some strength,
but not more than the ordinary process of washing clothes. All the work
must be performed standing. The process of converting the skins of
sheep, lambs, and kids into soft leather, is called tawing, and is
somewhat lighter work than currying; yet the leather requires much
stretching and rubbing. I am sure the work would not be more, if so
offensive, as morocco sewing.
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