Empresses -- Rome -- Biography; Women -- Rome -- Biography
Aviana Justina was the widow of the usurper Magnentius, who had so
dramatically stolen the throne of the worthless Constans, and had
been crushed by Constantius in the year 353. She was a woman of great
beauty, the daughter of a high provincial official, a spirited and
ambitious young woman. She would be in her later twenties, at least,
in 368, when she entered the suite of Severa in some capacity. She
was soon associated so intimately with the Empress that they bathed
together, and Severa made the fatal mistake of describing what Socrates
curiously calls her “virginal beauty” to the sensual Valentinian.
Before long it was announced that Severa was divorced, and Justina
occupied her bed. A late authority throws a thin mantle over the action
of Valentinian. Severa, he says, used her Imperial position to compel
a lady of Milan to sell her an estate at a most inadequate price, and
Valentinian was unable to endure her avarice. The vague description we
have of Justina’s dazzling beauty will, perhaps, suffice.
This remarkable conduct on the part of Valentinian and Justina is
put in the year 368.[31] The succeeding years of war and religious
controversy throw no light on the character of Justina, and we need
not describe them. Valentinian died in 375. Some delegates of the
barbarians had come, with deep humility, to implore his clemency for
their invasion of his dominions, and Valentinian burst into one of
his appalling storms of rage. So violent was his fury in addressing
them that he burst a blood-vessel, and left the Western Empire to his
son Gratian. Gratian had married in the previous year. His Empress
was the daughter of Faustina, who had been borne in her mother’s arms
at the head of the troops of Procopius. In crossing the provinces to
meet Gratian, Constantia had had a singular adventure. While she was
dining at an inn, some twenty-six miles from Sirmium, the tribes broke
across the Danube and occupied the village. There was just time for the
Governor of Illyrium to snatch up the thirteen-year-old princess and
make a dash for Sirmium. She married Gratian in 374, and became Empress
of the West in the following year. But Flavia Maxima Constantia has
left only the faint impress of her early adventures on the chronicles
of the time, and the few years of her Imperial life have no interest
for us. The next mention of her is that she died some time before her
husband, who was assassinated in 383. He had married again, but his
widow, Læta, is a mere name in history. Theodosius gave a comfortable
income to Læta and her mother Pissamena, and they were distinguished
for their charity in the later misfortunes of Rome.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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