Empresses -- Rome -- Biography; Women -- Rome -- Biography
Tacitus has given us a spirited picture of life in the Imperial palace
during the months which followed the execution of Messalina. Claudius
himself had sunk into a state of drowsy indifference when the storm
excited by his discovery had spent itself. “Where is the Empress?” he
asked, as he sat at supper the night after her death, and noticed the
empty place on the couch. Narcissus told him that she was dead, and he
asked no more. But the palace about his slumbering figure soon began
to hum with conflicting intrigues for the succession to her chamber.
Ladies who had visited the Palatine with nervous prudence while
Messalina lived now came to display their charms, and express their
tenderness, to the doting Emperor. From the sombre night of the tragedy
Rome passed with relief to the light enjoyment of the new comedy.
The freedmen, who surrounded and controlled Claudius, selected their
candidates.
Claudius had inserted one sentiment of his own in the speech which
Narcissus had induced him to make to the Prætorian Guards. He had sworn
that he would not marry again. There were ladies in his household, such
as Calpurnia and Cleopatra, who would encourage the resolution; but the
freedmen decided that he was bound to capitulate under so fair a siege,
and it would be better to have some share in the making of the new
Empress. Each of the Greeks chose a different lady. Narcissus, who had
been promoted to high public service for his zeal, favoured the suit
of Ælia Pætina, whom Claudius had lightly divorced twenty-one years
before. Callistus took up the cause of Lollia Paulina, the wealthy
and beautiful woman whom Caligula had torn from her husband and used
so unjustly. The steward, Pallas, was more fortunate in his choice.
He advocated marriage with Agrippina; and, as the mind of Agrippina
coincided more decisively with that of her champion than seems to
have happened in the case of her rivals, his campaign succeeded. She
discovered a most tender and considerate affection for her uncle,
visited him assiduously, and persuaded him to betroth his daughter
Octavia to her son Lucius Domitius (later Nero).
Octavia was already betrothed, and Agrippina is said to have removed
the first obstacle to her designs by a cruel and unscrupulous act. We
are told that she induced, and it is at least clear that she permitted,
the sycophantic courtier Vitellius, who favoured her suit, to accuse
the young man, to whom Octavia was betrothed, of incest with his
daughter-in-law. Tacitus has so mean an estimate of the young people
and their generation that he does not regard the charge as a serious
libel. He insists, however, that Agrippina had the case against them
forged, and thus opened her dark Imperial career with a crime.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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