Lotharingian bishops, 64-66, 68, 84. Lyons, council of, 165, 168. Manfred, 155. Manumissions, 73. Marriage, the Church and, 45, 49, 151, 169; clerical, 39, 45, 48, 82, 96, 98, 151, 167, 210. Martin, papal envoy, 152. Martin IV., pope, 168. Maserfield, battle at, 7. Matilda, empress, 106, 108. Melrose, 11. Mercia, conversion of, 8; diocese of, divided, 17, 18; predominance of, 26, 213. Merton, council of, 150, 159. Missionaries, early English, 32, 54. Monasticism, Celtic, 8, 14; Benedictine, 38, 43, 46, 47, 53. Montmirail, conference at, 119. Mortimer, Roger, 187. Mortmain, statute of, 165, 166, 172. Myton, the chapter of, 188, 198. Nevill's Cross, battle of, 198. Nice, second Council of, 33. Nicolas of Tusculum, 141. Nicolas II., pope, 69. Nicolas III., pope, 163, 164. Nicolas IV., pope, taxation of, 171. Nidd, the, council held near, 20. Northampton, council of, 117. Northumbria, conversion of, 5, 6; two kingdoms, 6; division into dioceses, 17-20; literary splendour, 21, 33; ruin of, 34, 35; conquest of, 42; revolt of, 46. Norwich, see of, 82. Oath, coronation, 51, 120, 129, 136; in suits, 50; a false, taken cognizance of by spiritual courts, 169. Offa, king of Mercia, 26, 27, 32, 33. Olaf, king of Norway, 57, 60. Ordainers, the lords, 183. Ordeals, 43. Orkneys, bishopric of the, 80, 107. Orlton, Adam, bp. of Hereford and Winchester, 185, 187, 195, 196. Osbern, bp. of Exeter, 86. Oswald, bp. of Worcester, _see_ York, abps. of. Oswald, king of Northumbria, 6, 7. Oswiu, king of Northumbria, 6, 7, 10-12, 15. Otho, legate, 150, 160. Otto the Great, king and emperor, marries a sister of AEthelstan, 44. Ottoboni, legate, 158, 160. Oxford, 106, 108, 125, 149, 151. Pall, archiepiscopal, 2, 6, 24, 30, 61, 71, 93. Pandulf, legate, 140, 144, 145. Parishes, 23. Parliament, clerical representation in, 172-174, 189, 204. Parliament, the Good, 211. Paschal II., pope, 96, 100. Paulinus, _see_ York, bps. and abps. of. Peerage of bishops, 197. Penda, king of Mercia, 5. Penitentials, 23, 30. Peter des Roches, bp. of Winchester, 140, 142, 143, 149. Peter's pence, 36, 40, 49, 61, 84, 181, 204. Philip II. of France, 139, 141. Philip IV. of France, 177, 179. Pilgrimages, 25, 32, 36, 69, 70. Plague, the great, 198, 199, 205, 208. Plurality of benefices, 41, 63, 164, 206. Pontigny, 118, 119. Praemunientes clause, 173, 189, 190. Praemunire, statute of, 193, 203, 218. Provisions, 147, 150, 184, 201, 202, 210, 211, 218. Provisors, statute of, 193, 202, 218. Quare impedit, writ of, 202. Ralph Flambard, bp. of Durham, 88. Ramsbury, see of, 42. Reading, provincial council at, 165. Reginald, abp.-elect, 137. Regulars and seculars, struggles between, 48, 51, 85. Remigius, bp. of Dorchester, 79.