_Hebrew._ _Greek._ | _Hebrew._ _Greek._ | 1. [Alef] [Alpha]. | 13. [Mem] [Mu]. 2. [Bet] [Beta]. | 14. [Nun] [Nu]. 3. [Gimel] [Gamma]. | 15. [Samekh] [Sigma]? 4. [Dalet] [Delta]. | 16. [Ayin] [Omicron]. 5. [He] [Epsilon]. | 17. [Pe] [Pi]. 6. [Vav] [Digamma]. | 18. [Tsadi] -- 7. [Zayin] [Zeta]. | A letter called 8. [Khet] [Eta]. | 19. [Kuf] koppa, afterwards 9. [Tet] [Theta]. | ejected. 10. [Yod] [Iota]. | 20. [Resh] [Rho]. 11. [Kaf] [Kappa]. | 21. [Shin] [San] afterwards [Sigma]? 12. [Lamed] [Lambda]. | 22. [Tav] [Tau]. Such the order and form of the Greek and Hebrew letters. Here it may be remarked, that, of each alphabet, it is only the modern forms that are compared; the likeness in the _shape_ of the letters may be seen by comparing them in their {202} older stages. Of these the exhibition, in a work like the present, is inconvenient. They may, however, be studied in the work already referred to in the _Phoenicia_ of Gesenius. The _names_ of the letters are as follows:-- _Hebrew._ _Greek._ | _Hebrew._ _Greek._ | 1. Aleph Alpha. | 12. Lamed Lambda. 2. Beth Baeta. | 13. Mem Mu. 3. Gimel Gamma. | 14. Nun Nu. 4. Daleth Delta. | 15. Samech Sigma? 5. He E, _psilon_ | 16. Ayn O. 6. Vaw _Digamma_. | 17. Pi Pi. 7. Zayn Zaeta. | 18. Tsadi ---- 8. Heth Haeta. | 19. Kof Koppa, _Archaic_. 9. Teth Thaeta. | 20. Resh Rho. 10. Yod I[^o]ta. | 21. Sin San, _Doric_. 11. Kaph Kappa. | 22. Tau Tau. s. 259. The Asiatic alphabet of Phoenicia and Palestine is now adapted to the European language of Greece. The first change took place in the manner of writing. The Orientals wrote from right to left; the Greeks from left to right. Besides this, the following principles, applicable whenever the alphabet of one language is transferred to another, were recognised:-- 1. Letters for which there was no use were left behind. This was the case, as seen above, with the eighteenth letter, _tsadi_. 2. Letters expressive of sounds for which there was no precise equivalent in Greek, were used with other powers. This was the case with letters 5, 8, 16, and probably with some others. 3. Letters of which the original sound, in the course of time, became changed, were allowed, as it were, to drop out of the alphabet. This was the case with 6 and 19.