[383] Roth's _Geschichte des Beneficialwesens_, p. 81. [384] _Hist. Francorum_, f. 344. [385] _Hist. Francorum_, f. 295. [386] _Polyptique d'Irminon._ Large donations were made to the abbey as early as A.D. 558 by the Frankish King Hildebert. See M. Guerard's Introduction, p. 35. [387] _Chartularium Sithiense_, pp. 18 and 158. [388] Mr. Coote has pointed out many remains of this centuriation in Britain; and the inscriptions on many centurial stones are given in _Hübner's_ collection. [389] Siculus Flaccus, Lachmann and Rudorff, i. pp. 136–8. [390] _Cod. Theod._ lib. vii. tit. xx. 3. A.D. 320. 'Constantinus ad universos veteranos.' 'Let veterans according to our command receive vacant lands, and hold them "immunes" for ever; and for the needful improvement of the country let them have also 25 thousand _folles_, a pair of oxen (_boum quoque par_), and 100 modii of different kinds of grain, &c. (_frugum_).' Ib. s. 8. 'Valentinianus et Valens ad universos provinciales,' A.D. 364. 'To all deserving veterans we give what dwelling-place (_patriam_) they wish, and promise perpetual "immunity." 'Let them have vacant or other lands where they chose, free from stipendium and annual "præstatio." Further, we grant them for the cultivation of these lands both animals and seed, so that those who have been protectores (body-guards) should receive two pairs of oxen (_duo boum paria_) and 100 modii, of each of the two kinds of corn (_fruges_)--others after faithful service a single pair of oxen (_singula paria boum_) and 50 modii of each of the two kinds of corn, &c. If they bring male or female slaves on to the land, let them possess them "immunes" for ever.' [391] _In Verrem_, Actio 2, lib. iii. 27. [392] Varro, _De Re Rustica_, i. 44. Columella, ii. 9. Guerard, _Irminon_, i. 1. [393] Siculus Flaccus, _De Condicionibus Agrorum_. Lachmann and Rudorff, i. pp. 154–6. [394] In the division of the land between the Romans and Visigoths the amount allotted '_per singula aratra_' was to be 50 aripennes (i.e. 25 jugera). _Lex Visigothorum_, x. 1, 14 (A.D. 650 or thereabouts). The _Liber Coloniarum I._ describes the 'ager _jugarius_' as 'in quinquagenis jugeribus,' the 'ager _meridianus_ in xxv. jugeribus.' Lachmann, i. 247. Here we have the normal divisions of the centuria of 200 jugera into holdings of 25 and 50 jugera. On the other hand, the _Lex Thoria_, B.C. 111, fixed 30 jugera as the largest holding to be recognised on the public lands. Rudorff, p. 213 (_Corp. Jur. Lat._ 200, 1. 14). [395] P. 142. 'Quam maxime secundum consuetudinem regionum omnia intuenda sunt.' [396] P. 143. See also Frontinus, p. 43, and Hyginus, p. 115, and p. 128 on the same point. [397] P. 152.