These are valuable examples of hides and half-hides, as still actual holdings in villenage, whilst apparently instead of virgates in some of these Sussex manors a new holding--the wista--occurs. And among the documents of Battle Abbey given by Dugdale there is the following statement, viz., that 8 virgates = 1 hide, and 4 virgates = 1 wista (_great_ wista?). Supposing the virgate here, as mostly elsewhere, to have been, normally, a bundle of 30 acres, it is clear that in this hide of 8 virgates we get another instance of the _double hide of 240 acres_; whilst the '_great_ wista' of 4 virgates would correspond with the single hide of 120 acres, and the wista would equal the ordinary half-hide of two virgates. «Domesday of St. Paul's, A.D. 1222.» We pass to another cartulary, and of earlier date. In 1222 a visitation was made of the manors belonging to the Dean and Chapter of St. Paul's, London. The register of this visitation is known as the 'Domesday of St. Paul's.'[47] The manors were scattered in [p052] Herts, Essex, Middlesex, and Surrey--all south-eastern counties. In the survey of Thorp,[48] one of the manors in Essex, after a list of tenants on the demesne land, and others on reclaimed land (_de essarto_), there follows a list of tenants in villenage who are called _hydarii_. As in the Battle Abbey records the _virgarii_ were holders of virgates, so these _hydarii_ were probably, as their name implies, groups of _villani_ holding a hide. But the holdings had in fact become subdivided and irregular. Nevertheless, those belonging to each original hide are bracketed together; and adding together their acreage, it appears that the hide is assumed to contain 120 acres. The following examples will make it clear that the holdings were once hides of four virgates of 30 acres each. «Hides and virgates.» _Holdings._ ─┐ xx. _a._ │ ─┐ x. _a._ │ sum = 30 _a._ │ ─┘ │ xxx. _a._ = 30 _a._ │ ½ hide = 60 _a._ │ sum = hide of 120 acres. ─┘ ─┐ xxx. _a._ = 30 _a._ │ xxx. _a._ = 30 _a._ │ ─┐ │ xv. _a._ │ │ xv. _a._ │ sum = 30 _a._ │ ─┘ │ ─┐ │ v. _a._│ │ v. _a._│ │ vii.½ _a._│ │ v. _a._│ │ vii.½ _a._│ sum = 30 _a._ │ sum = hide of 120 acres. ─┘ ─┘ And so on. «Services reckoned by the hide.» The services also were reckoned by the hide, and an abstract of them is here given, from which it will be seen that for some purposes the tenants of the now divided hide still clubbed as it were together to [p053] perform the services required for the hide; whilst for others 'each homestead (_domus_) of the hide' had its separate duties to perform.