When they do '_magnas precationes_,' they have a food allowance (_corrodium_) from the bishop, and as part of their works do harrowing when necessary, and '_faciunt ladas_' (make loads?). And when they do these each receives 1 loaf. Also they reap for 1 day at Octon till the evening, and then they receive an allowance of food. And for the fairs of St. Cuthbert, every 2 villeins erect a booth; and when they make '_logiæ_' and 'wodelade' (load wood), they are quit of other labour. [p069] There are 12 '_cotmanni_,' each of whom holds 12 acres, and they work throughout the year 2 days a week except in the aforesaid feasts, and render 12 hens and 60 eggs. Robertus holds 2 bovates or 36 acres, and renders half a mark. The _Punder_ holds 12 acres, and receives from each plough 1 '_trave_' of corn, and renders 40 hens and 500 eggs. The _Miller_ [renders] 5½ marks. The '_Villani_' are, if need be, to make a house each year 40 feet long and 15 feet wide, and when they do this each is quit of 4d. of his 'averpenynges.' The whole 'villa' renders 17s. as '_cornagium_' (_i.e._ tax on horned beasts), and 1 cow '_de metride_.' The demesne is at farm, together with the stock for 4 ploughs and 4 harrows, and renders for 2 ploughs 16 'celdræ' of corn, 16 'celdræ' of oats, 8 'celdræ' of barley, and for the other 2 ploughs, 10 marks. «They hold yard-lands of two bovates, or single bovates.» Here then at Boldon were 22 villani, each holding two bovates or 30 acres, equivalent to a virgate or yard-land. In another place (Quycham) there are said to be thirty-five '_bovat-villani_,' each of whom held a bovate of 15 acres, and performed such and such services.[90] These correspond with holders of half-virgates. Below these villani, holding one or two bovates, as in all other similar records, were cottage holdings, some of 12 acres, some of 6 acres each. There seems to have been a certain equality in some places, even in the lowest rank of holdings. Here then, within about 100 years of the Domesday Survey, are found the usual grades of holdings in villenage. The services, too, present little variation from those of later records and other parts of England. From the Boldon Book may be gathered a few points of further information, which may serve to complete the picture of the life of the village community in villenage. [p070] «Manor sometimes farmed by villani.» The unity of the 'villata' as a self-acting community is illustrated by the fact that in many instances the services of the villani are _farmed_ by them from the monastery _as a body_, at a single rent for the whole village[91]--a step in the same direction as the commutation of services and leasing of land to farm tenants, practices already everywhere becoming so usual. «Village officials: the faber.»