The '_Rectitudines_' begins with the thane or lord of the manor; and informs us that he owed his military and other services (for his manor) to the king--always including the three great needs--the _trinoda necessitas_; viz. (1) to accompany the king in his military expeditions, or _fyrd_; (2) to aid in the building of his castles, or _burhbote_; (3) to maintain the bridges, or _brigbote_. «Thane's 'inland.'» The lord's demesne land was called the 'thane's inland.' So, too, in a law of King Edgar's already quoted, the tithes are ordered to be paid 'as well on the _thane's inland_ as on _geneat land_,' showing that this distinction between the two was exhaustive. So also in Scotland, where the old Saxon words were not so soon displaced by Norman terms as in [p135] England, the lord of a manor was long called the _thane_ of such and such a place. In the chronicler Wintoun's story of Macbeth, as well as in Shakespeare's version of it, there are the 'thane of Fyfe' and the 'thane of Cawdor.' «Scotch example of burhbote.» And the circumstance which, according to Wintoun, gave rise to Macbeth's hatred of Macduff is itself a graphic illustration of the 'burhbote,' or aid in castle-building due from the thane to his king:-- And in Scotland than as kyng This Makbeth mad gret steryng And set hym than in hys powere A gret hows for to mak off were Upon the hycht off Dwnsynane. Tymbyr thare-till to draw and stane Off Fyfe and off Angws he Gert mony oxin gadryd be. Sa on a day in thare traivaile A yhok off oxyn Makbeth saw fayle, Than speryt Makbeth quha that awcht The yhoke that fayled in that drawcht. Thai awnsweryd till Makbeth agayne, And sayd, 'Makduff off Fyffe the Thane That ilk yhoke off oxyn awcht That he saw fayle in to the drawcht.' Than spak Makbeth dyspytusly, And to the Thane sayd angryly, Lyk all wythyn in hys skin, Hys awyn nek he suld put in The yhoke and gev hym drawchtis drawe.[159] «The thane as a soldier.» But the military service was by far the most important of 'the three needs' or services due from the thane to the king. The thane was a _soldier_ first of all things. The very word _thane_ implies this. In translating the story of the centurion who had soldiers under him, the Saxon Gospel makes the [p136] 'Hundredes ealdor' say, '_I have thanes_ under me' (ic hæbbe þegnas under me).[160] And though the text of the translation may not be earlier than the tenth century, yet, as the meaning of words does not change suddenly, it shows that the military service of the thane dated from a still earlier period.