The Epidemics of the Middle AgesHecker, J. F. C. (Justus Friedrich Carl)
History
The Epidemics of the Middle Ages
Hecker, J. F. C. (Justus Friedrich Carl)
Black Death; Epidemics -- History; Hysteria, Epidemic
There are some denominations of English Methodists which surpass, if
possible, the French Convulsionnaires; and we may here mention, in
particular, the Jumpers, among whom it is still more difficult, than
in the example given above, to draw the line between religious ecstacy
and a perfect disorder of the nerves; sympathy, however, operates
perhaps more perniciously on them than on other fanatical assemblies.
The sect of Jumpers was founded in the year 1760, in the county of
Cornwall, by two fanatics[340], who were, even at that time, able to
collect together a considerable party. Their general doctrine is that
of the Methodists, and claims our consideration here, only in so far
as it enjoins them, during their devotional exercises, to fall into
convulsions, which they are able to effect in the strangest manner
imaginable. By the use of certain unmeaning words, they work themselves
up into a state of religious frenzy, in which they seem to have
scarcely any control over their senses. They then begin to jump with
strange gestures, repeating this exercise with all their might, until
they are exhausted, so that it not unfrequently happens that women,
who, like the Mænades, practise these religious exercises, are carried
away from the midst of them in a state of syncope, whilst the remaining
members of the congregations, for miles together, on their way home,
terrify those whom they meet by the sight of such demoniacal ravings.
There are never more than a few ecstatics, who, by their example,
excite the rest to jump, and these are followed by the greatest part
of the meeting, so that these assemblages of the Jumpers resemble, for
hours together, the wildest orgies, rather than congregations met for
Christian edification[341].
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