[450] Barbier _v._ Connolly, _supra_. Mugler _v._ Kansas, 123 U. S., 623 (1887). The power to regulate, that is, the jurisdiction of the police power of the State, as decided in Munn _v._ Illinois, 94 U. S., 113 (1876), includes the power “to provide a maximum charge for the storage and handling of grain” in a warehouse privately owned. This is settled law, but careful reading should be made of the dissenting opinions in this case: Budd _v._ New York, 143 U. S., 517 (1892), sustaining Munn _v._ Illinois, with strong dissenting opinions; Spring Valley Water Works _v._ Schottler, 110 U. S., 347 (1884) sustaining Munn _v._ Illinois, with strong dissenting opinions. The economic question here is whether the State can fix prices, wages, compensation, hours of labor, etc. In this connection examine Lockner _v._ New York, 198 U. S., 45 (1905), sustaining a law of New York State making it a penal offense for any employer to require and permit any employee to work for him more than sixty hours in any one week. The law was sustained as a constitutional exercise by the State of its police power; but see dissenting opinions. The _per contra_ was “the right of the individual to liberty of person and freedom of contract.” [451] Capital Traction Company _v._ Hof, 174 U. S., 1 (1899). Many cases cited and the history of trial by jury given. [452] Mr. Justice Matthews in Yick Wo _v._ Hopkins, 118 U. S., 356 (1886). [453] Amendment XIV., July 28, 1868. It will be noticed here that the word “territory” is not used. [454] Slaughter House Cases, 16 Wallace, 36 (1872). [455] Amendment XIV. [456] Art. iv., 2: 1. [457] See p. 150. [458] Canfield _v._ Coryell, 4 Washington, C. C., 371, 380; Paul _v._ Virginia, 8 Wallace, 180, and see pp. 191–211 of the present volume. [459] Slaughter House Cases, _supra_. [460] Crandall _v._ Nevada, 6 Wallace, 36 (1867). [461] Slaughter House Cases, _supra_. (Some additional rights are secured citizens of the United States by Amendment XIV., §2; and by Amendments XIII. and XV.) [462] Minor _v._ Happersett, 21 Wallace, 162 (1874). [463] Art. iv., 4. [464] Minor _v._ Happersett, _supra_. (But see _Ex parte_ Yarbrough, 110 U. S., 651.) [465] These qualifications, in the aggregate, have been of age, sex, residence, religion, property, race, and tax-paying. See the provisions in the State constitutions in _Charters and Constitutions_, 7 vols., U. S. Government Printing Office, 1909; and a detailed account of these early qualifications (1776–1850) in the author’s _Constitutional History of the American People_, i., ch. iii. [466] Art. i., 2: 1; Amendment XVII. [467] _Ex parte_ Yarbrough, 110 U. S., 651, 653; Wiley _v._ Sinkler, 179 U. S., 58 (1900). [468] United States _v._ Cruikshank, 92 U. S., 542 (1875). [469] _Idem._ [470] Civil Rights Cases, 109 U. S., 3 (1883). [471] _Idem._ [472] _Ex parte_, Siebold, 100 U. S., 371 (1879). [473] Strauder _v._ West Virginia, 100 U. S., 303 (1879).