If the President errs, it is within the power of Congress to apply the proper remedy. “The sovereignty in every State resides in the people of that State, and they may alter and change their form of government at their own pleasure.”[331] But the United States guarantees to each a republican form of government.[332] “No particular government is designated as republican, neither is the exact form to be guaranteed in any manner especially designated.”[333] The guarantee necessarily implies a duty on the part of the States themselves to provide such a government. All the States had governments when the Constitution was adopted. In all, the people participated to some extent, through their representatives elected in the manner specially provided. These governments the Constitution did not change. They were accepted precisely as they were, and it is, therefore, to be presumed that they were such as it was the duty of the States to provide. Thus we have unmistakable evidence of what was republican in form, within the meaning of that term, as employed in the Constitution.[334] Conformably with the character of this federal guarantee of the republican form, the Supreme Court has decided that: In the Constitution the term _State_ most frequently expresses the combined idea ... of people, territory, and government. A _State_, in the ordinary sense of the Constitution, is a political community of free citizens, occupying a territory of defined boundaries, and organized under a government sanctioned and limited by a written constitution, and established by the consent of the governed. It is the union of such States, under a common Constitution, which forms the distinct and greater political unit, which that Constitution designates as the United States, and makes of the people and States, which compose it, one people and one country.... The preservation of the States, and the maintenance of their government, are as much within the design and care of the Constitution as the preservation of the Union and the maintenance of the national government. The Constitution, in all of its provisions, looks to an indestructible Union of indestructible States.[335] The constitutional rules of State comity are therefore rules of national jurisdiction, and operate as limitations on the jurisdiction of the several States. The purpose of these rules, as that of every rule of that jurisdiction is essentially to preserve that jurisdiction, or sovereignty,—and is sufficiently indicated in the Preamble to the Constitution.[336]