The essentials of mysticism, and other essaysUnderhill, Evelyn
Religion
The essentials of mysticism, and other essays
Underhill, Evelyn
Mysticism
We need not be afraid to recognize in this struggle a reflection of the
stresses and difficulties—some physical—which attend on the complete
sublimation of man’s psychic life; especially in persons of a strongly
emotional temperament. In Angela’s case the visions and dreams that
accompanied it assure us of the character of the crisis through which
she was passing. Many of her symptoms at this time were undoubtedly
hysterical. She cried aloud when she heard the name of God, and fell
into a fever on seeing a picture of the Passion of Christ. Her tears
were perpetual, and often she longed to tear herself in pieces.
Unfortunately Franciscan piety of the more extreme sort encouraged
emotional extravagances of this kind, as we may see by the account of
Angela’s contemporaries given in the “Little Flowers,” and failed to
appreciate Jacopone’s profound distinction between ordered and
disordered love. It also gave unqualified approval to those public and
grotesque acts of self-abasement which play so large a part in the
legend of his penitence; and here again, Angela was true to type. Still
grieved by the memory of her old hypocrisies, made more poignant by the
reverence she received from her disciples, she went through the city and
open places with meat and fishes hanging from her neck, and crying, “I
am that woman full of evil and dissembling, slave of all vices and
iniquities, who did good deeds that she might obtain honour among men;
and especially when I caused those bidden to my house to be told that I
ate neither fish nor meat, and—being the while greedy, gluttonous, and
drunken—feigned to desire nought but what was needful.”
Those familiar with the lives of the mystics will remember many
parallels to this state of conflict: the ups and downs of Suso, his
alternate illumination and despair, his great self-denials balanced by
foolish little sins: the thirty years during which Teresa—already, like
Angela, regarded as a great example—swayed between her mystical vocation
and the claims of a more normal life. In Angela this inward battle
culminated, she says, “some little while before the time of the
pontificate of Celestino”—that is to say about 1294, when she was
forty-six—and endured for more than two years. In it, in addition to
bodily and mental agony, she was humiliated by recurrent temptations to
sensual indulgence. Her depression was extreme, and her intellect often
so clouded that she could not even recall the idea of God to her mind.
It was her last lesson in humility and self-knowledge—an excellent
antidote to the dangers of professional sanctity—and answered to that
terrible period of final purification which other mystics have called
the “Dark Night of the Soul.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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