The Ethics of Medical Homicide and MutilationO'Malley, Austin
Religion
The Ethics of Medical Homicide and Mutilation
O'Malley, Austin
Medical ethics
After a few minutes to an hour or more another convulsion may
befall her, or she may have no more than one. In very grave cases
consciousness may never return after the first fit. The convulsions
may run up into extraordinary numbers--a hundred or more. There is
a pseudoeclampsia where the convulsions have been as many as two
hundred. If there are many attacks in the first twenty-four hours
with no clear evidence of subsidence, the woman nearly always dies.
Fever begins in such cases, and goes up to 103 or even 107 degrees.
In an untreated case Black found a temperature of 110 degrees before
death. The average number of attacks in these cases is from five to
fifteen, and the convulsions are from a half minute to two or three
minutes apart. Olshausen had six patients who recovered after having
had from twenty-two to thirty-six convulsions, but those who have
above fifteen commonly die.
If the convulsions are severe the woman as a rule aborts, and often
rapidly. After the child is delivered the eclamptic symptoms may
subside, or they may come on again, even a week after labor. Often
the fetus dies during the attack; rarely it survives and is carried
to term; again, it may die and the eclampsia may subside, but the
fetus remains in the uterus for some time.
If the woman is to die the eclamptic attacks usually increase in
frequency and violence; the temperature runs up very high, or it
sinks; the pulse becomes weak and running, edema of the lungs comes
on, with rattling and cyanosis, and the urine ceases to flow. The
woman may die in a convulsion from apoplexy or heart paralysis. At
times the child is delivered, but the coma deepens and the woman
dies. In other cases there are coma and death without convulsions.
Rarely there is a condition akin to acute yellow atrophy of the
liver, with delirium, twitchings, coma, and death.
Women who have chronic nephritis seldom have convulsions in pregnancy
unless there happens to be cerebral hemorrhage as an effect, but
they suffer the other results of chronic Bright's disease--dropsy,
uremia, edema of the lungs, paralysis of the heart, and albuminuric
retinitis; they also are inclined to premature labor, and to
hemorrhages that loosen the placenta. When acute nephritis happens
in pregnancy convulsions are quite common, and when there are
convulsions as a result of either chronic or acute nephritis it is
very difficult to differentiate between these convulsions and genuine
eclampsia.
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