The majority of writers give unfavorable prognoses for typhoid in pregnancy. Abortion or premature labor is extremely common, with great danger to the mother's life. When labor begins in these cases the last sacraments should be administered early. Therapeutic abortion in typhoid is very likely to cause death, yet a number of women recover after abortion. As regards the woman's life, cases of premature labor have a worse prognosis than early abortion. The greatest danger is while the fever is high, and abortion is commoner in the first week of fever than in the second or third. In protracted typhoid abortion is likely to occur in the fourth week or later. After defervescence the prognosis is better, but there is always danger. Different physicians have markedly varying results. There is no medical condition where skill in the physician counts more than in typhoid; it is the supreme test of the therapeutist. Sacquin[142] collected from various sources the statistics of 233 cases of pregnancy during typhoid, and abortion or premature labor occurred in 150 of these, with death in 16 per cent. Many skilful men have a mortality as low as 3 per cent. in typhoid not complicated with pregnancy. [142] _Thèse._ Nancy, 1885. The subject of typhoid is too vast for complete treatment here: the article on Typhoid in the American edition of Nothnagel's _Encyclopedia of Practical Medicine_ covers 472 large octavo pages. A very important point is not to mistake typhoid for a septicemia in its early stage. A Widal reaction should be made in apparently septic cases to exclude typhoid. Sometimes, however, a streptococcic infection will give a positive Widal, and there may be a mixed typhoid and streptococcic infection. Smallpox in pregnancy causes abortion or premature labor in the majority of cases, and the child usually dies. The child may be born in the eruptive stage, or pockmarked. Franklin reported a case where a vaccinated woman was delivered of a child while her husband was in the house ill with smallpox. The mother did not take the infection, but the child was born dead of smallpox: the contagion had passed to the child through the unaffected mother. Vaccinated women at times bear children which are after birth immune to vaccinia and smallpox--vaccinia, in the commonly held opinion at present, is an attenuated smallpox. Pregnant women should be vaccinated, when there is smallpox in their neighborhood, to protect themselves and their children, unless they have been successfully vaccinated within four or five years.