The propounder of an hypothesis has no right to lay down, peremptorily, the laws by which his doctrine is to be tested. At the same time, he may fairly claim that the objections to it should rest on the same broad grounds on which it is based. The Homeric poems are Greek; and the Orlando Furioso is Italian. Yet there are Welsh and other non-Italian elements in the latter, and, it is submitted, that there are Slavonic and non-Hellenic elements in the former. Their amount I do not profess to measure. _Bosnia_, _Herzegovna_, _Turkish Croatia_,--Slavonic in speech, and Slavonic in blood, the Bosnians and Herzegovnians differ from the Servians only in a few details--the chief being their Mahometan creed. Equally slight is the difference between the Turkish and Austrian Croatians. _Bulgaria_ is Slavonic and Rumanyo in speech, Mœsian, Gothic, Turk, and Slavonic in blood. CHAPTER XI. AUSTRIA.--BUKHOVINIA, GALLICIA, AND LODOMIRIA.--BOHEMIA AND MORAVIA.--AUSTRIAN SILESIA.--DALMATIA.--CROATIA.--CARNIOLA.--CARINTHIA.--STYRIA.--SALTZBURG, THE TYROL, THE VORARLBERG.--UPPER AND LOWER AUSTRIA.--HUNGARY. _Bukhovinia._--BUKHOVINIA was part of the ancient Dacia, and the bulk of the population is, consequently, Rumanyo. A smaller portion is common to Bukhovinia and Gallicia, and this is chiefly Russniak, but partly Pole. _Gallicia and Lodomiria._--At present these are Russniak areas encroached upon by Poles and Germans: indeed, it was from Gallicia, Lodomiria, and Bukhovinia, that the Malorussians seem to have originated, and Russia to have been conquered. Gallicia, however, at one time seems to have been occupied, more or less partially, by the most south-western members of the Lithuanic family--the Gothini of Tacitus, whose language is stated to have been _Gallic_. I have suggested, elsewhere, the likehood of this meaning _Gallician_--there being no reason to look upon that name as one of recent origin. More than this, without denying the existence of true Gauls on those several portions of the water-system of the middle Danube where they are placed by ancient writers under the name of _Galatæ_, I am inclined to believe that they were rather _Gallician_ and _Gallic_. For Gallicia to have been Lithuanic, Volhynia must have been Lithuanic[24] also, unless we suppose the _Gothini_ to have been an isolated settlement; which, perhaps, they were. _Bohemia._--Whatever may be the inferences from the fact of Bohemia having been politically connected with the empire of the Germanic Marcomanni, whatever may be those from the element _Boio-_, as connecting its population with the _Boii_ of Gaul and Bavaria (_Baiovarii_), the doctrine that the present Slavonic population of that kingdom--_Tshekhs_ as they call themselves--is either recent in origin or secondary to any German or Keltic aborigines, is wholly unsupported by history. In other words, at the beginning of the historical period Bohemia was as Slavonic as it is now.