The Ethnology of the British IslandsLatham, R. G. (Robert Gordon)
History
The Ethnology of the British Islands
Latham, R. G. (Robert Gordon)
Ethnology -- Great Britain
Notwithstanding, too, its sanctity in the eyes of the Angle worshipper
of the Goddess Hertha, Heligoland at the beginning of the Historical
period was not exactly Angle. It was what the opposite coast
was--Frisian. And Oldenburg was Frisian as well; indeed the whole area
occupied by the two great nations of antiquity--the Frisii and
Chauci--was neither Old-Saxon nor Angle-Saxon. It differed from each
rather more than they differed from each other, and, accordingly,
constituted a separate variety of the German tongue.
So that there were, and are, two Frisian areas, one extending no farther
north than the Elbe, and the other extending no farther south than the
Eyder.
And between these two lies that of the Nordalbingians. This alone is
_primâ facie_ evidence of their being Frisian; for we should certainly
argue that if Norfolk and Essex were English, Suffolk was English also.
Of course, it might not be so: as intrusion and displacement might have
taken place; but intrusion and displacement are not to be too lightly
and gratuitously assumed. The Frisian of Oldenburg can be traced up to
the Elbe, and the Frisian of Sleswick can be followed down to the Eyder.
Eydersted, however, and Holstein are Low German. Were they always so? Of
Eydersted, Jacob Sax, himself a Low German of the district, writes, A.D.
1610, that "the inhabitants besides the Saxon, use their own
extraordinary natural speech, which is the same as the East and West
Frisian."
For Ditmarsh the evidence is inconclusive. But one or two names end in
-_um_.
As early as A.D. 1452 the following inscription which was found on a
font in Pelvorm was _un_-intelligible to the natives of Ditmarsh, who
carried it off--"disse hirren Döpe de have wi thön ewigen Ohnthonken
mage lete, da schollen össe Berrne in kressent warde"="this here dip
(font) we have let be made as an everlasting remembrance: there shall
our bairns be christened in it." Clemens translates this into the
present Frisian of Amrom, which runs thus--"thas hirr döp di ha wi tun
iwagen Unthonken mage leat, thiar skell üs Biarner un krassent wurd."
Still, Clemens thinks that the dress and domestic utensils of the
present Ditmarshers are more Frisian than Platt-Deutsch. Now whatever
the ancient tongue of Ditmarsh may have been, it was not the present
Platt-Deutsch; yet, if it were Frisian, it had become obsolete before
A.D. 1452.
That we are justified in assuming an original continuity between the
North and South Frisian areas may readily be admitted. There are, of
course, reasonable objections against it--the want of proof of Frisian
character of the language of Ditmarsh being the chief. Still, the
principle which would lead us to predicate of Suffolk what we had
previously predicated of Norfolk and Essex, induces us to do the same
with the district in question, and to argue that if Eydersted, to the
North, and the parts between Bremen and Cuxhaven, to the South, were
Frisian, Ditmarsh, which lay between them, was Frisian also.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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