BARLEY WATER.--One level tablespoonful of Robinson's barley is rubbed up with a little cold water, to this is added one pint of boiled water containing a pinch of salt. The mixture should be stirred while the water is being added. Cook for thirty minutes in a double boiler and strain. Enough boiling water should be added to the mixture to make up the full pint if any has boiled away. BARLEY GRUEL OR BARLEY JELLY.--Repeat the above process, but instead of using one tablespoonful of the barley powder, use from two to four according to the consistency of the gruel or jelly desired. Barley water may be made from the grains. A formula for this process will be found in the chapter on artificial feeding. RICE, WHEAT, OR OAT WATER.--These are made from the rice, wheat, or oat flour in the same way as barley water described above. They may be made from the grains also, using the same proportions as in the making of barley water. IMPERIAL GRANUM.--This is prepared in the same way as the barley flour above described. ALBUMEN WATER.--Take half a pint of cold water, the white of one fresh egg, a pinch of salt, and a teaspoonful of brandy, shake and feed from a spoon or from a bottle. This is frequently used in cases of vomiting, or in irritable stomachs. It is often retained when all other food is rejected. DRIED BREAD.--Cut either stale or fresh bread into thin slices and place in the open oven. When it is dried and crisp but not browned it may be given to children in preference to crackers. CODDLED EGG.--A fresh egg with the shell intact is placed in boiling water which is immediately removed from the fire. The egg is allowed to remain in the water for eight minutes when it is ready for use. The white only should be used if the digestion is poor. ARTIFICIAL FEEDING CHAPTER XIX ARTIFICIAL FEEDING Elementary Principles of Milk Modification--The Secret of the Efficiency of Mother's Milk--Two Important Factors in Successful Artificial Feeding--Every Child is a Problem in Itself--Proprietary Foods of Little Value as Infant Foods--Their Value is in the Milk Added to Them--The Credit Belongs to the Cow--Difference Between Human and Cow's Milk--What "Top-milk Feeding" Means--Utensils Necessary for Home Modification of Milk--Artificial Feeding from Birth to the Twelfth Month--How to Measure Top-milk--Easy Bottle-feeding Method--Condensed Milk Feeding--Objections to Condensed Milk Feeding.