Mr. Kirwan observes, that whatever trees are found in bogs, though the wood may be perfectly sound, the bark of the timber has uniformly disappeared, and the decomposition of this bark forms a considerable part of the nutritive substance of morasses. Notwithstanding this circumstance, tanning is not to be obtained in analysing bogs; their antiseptic quality is however indisputable, for animal and vegetable substances are frequently found at a great depth in bogs, without their seeming to have suffered any decay; these substances cannot have been deposited in them at a very remote period, because their form and texture is such as were common a few centuries ago. In 1786 there were found, seventeen feet below the surface of a bog in Mr. Kirwan’s district, a woollen coat of coarse, but even, network, exactly in the form of what is now called a spencer; a razor, with a wooden handle, some iron heads of arrows, and large wooden bowls, some only half made, were also found, with the remains of turning tools: these were obviously the wreck of a workshop, which was probably situated on the borders of a forest. The coat was presented by him to the Antiquarian Society. These circumstances countenance the supposition, that the encroachments of men upon forests destroyed the first barriers against the force of the wind, and that afterwards, according to sir H. Davy’s suggestion, the trees of weaker growth, which had not room to expand, or air and sunshine to promote their increase, soon gave way to the elements. * * * * * MODES OF SALUTATION. Greenlanders have none, and laugh at the idea of one person being inferior to another. Islanders near the Philippines take a person’s hand or foot, and rub it over their face. Laplanders apply their noses strongly against the person they salute. In New Guinea, they place leaves upon the head of those they salute. In the Straits of the Sound they raise the left foot of the person saluted, pass it gently over the right leg, and thence over the face. The inhabitants of the Philippines bend very low, placing their hands on their cheeks, and raise one foot in the air, with the knee bent. An Ethiopian takes the robe of another and ties it about him, so as to leave his friend almost naked. The Japanese take off a slipper, and the people of Arracan their sandals, in the street, and their stockings in the house, when they salute. Two Negro kings on the coast of Africa, salute by snapping the middle finger three times. The inhabitants of Carmene, when they would show a particular attachment, breathe a vein, and present the blood to their friend as a beverage.