0 | 298.6 | -- | 0.02 | -0.01 10 S. | 296.9 | -- | 0.04 | -0.03 20 | 293.1 | -- | 0.02 | -0.02 30 | 288.2 | -- | -0.01 | -0.01 40 | 284.0 | -- | 0.00 | -0.03 ---------+-------------+----------+-----------+----------- In the case of the calculation of the effect of comparatively slight and irregular changes in land and sea distribution in a limited area, such as those of the _Littorina_ Sea referred to on p. 128, it may be found that a ten-degree circle is too wide an area to employ, the changes from land to sea at one point being nullified by changes from sea to land at another more distant point. In such a case a smaller unit such as a circle of five degrees radius can be employed. As a rough approximation it may be said that the effect of the conversion of a square mile of land into sea, or _vice versa_, on the temperature of a neighbouring point is inversely proportional to its distance. Since the area of a five-degree circle is one-quarter that of a ten-degree circle, while the average distance of the land composing it is one-half, we have to divide our regression coefficients by two in order to fit the new data. This method was applied to obtain the probable temperature distribution on the shores of the _Littorina_ Sea at its maximum extension, and gave results which agreed remarkably well with those calculated by geologists from the animal and plant life of the time. See London _Q. F. R. Meteor. Soc._, 43, 1917, pp. 169-171. INDEX A. Acheulian, 52 _Aciphylla_, 125 Africa, 103, 133, 142 Aftonian, 87 AHLMANN, 51, 61 Alaska, 43, 124 Algonquin, Lake, 123 Alps, dry period, 122 glaciation, 29, 52, 56 retreat stadia, 119 Altai Mountains, 77 Anau, ruins, 163 _Ancylus_, 120, 127 ANDERSSON, 118, 121 Andes, 98 Antarctica, 114, 133 Anticyclonic circulation, 55 Antipodes Is., 112 Aral Sea, 83 Argentine, 100 Arizona, 94, 150 ARRHENIUS, 19 Artesian water (Australia), 110 Aryans, 164 Asia, 76, 125, 139, 143, 153 Astronomical theory, 17 Atlantic Stage, 126 Atlas Mountains, 69 Australia, 109, 125, 155 B. Balearic Is., 70 Balkans, 69 Baltic Interstadial, 64 Banded clays, 49, 93 Baraba steppes, 121 Barkans, 65 BARRELL, 159 BEDDARD, 115 Belfast, 130 _Biloculina_, 133 BLYTT, 127 Bonneville, Lake, 93 Brazil, 101 British Isles, 57, 62, 64, 136 BRÖGGER, 129 Bronze Age, 138 BRÜCKNER, 49, 57, 154 Buenos Aires, sand-dunes, 125 Bühlstadium, 119 C. Calabrian, 68 Cambrian, 33 Campbell Is., 102 Canada, post-glacial, 132 Cape Colony, raised beaches, 133 Carbon dioxide, 19 Carboniferous, 34 Caspian, 83, 143, 153 CHAMBERLIN, 19 Champlain Stage, 123 Chellean, 51 CHERRY, 160 Chile, rainfall fluctuations, 157 China, 81, 139