The second, larger and stronger, genus of Asiatic anthropoid ape is the orang (Satyrus); he is now found only in the islands of Borneo and Sumatra. Selenka, who has published a very thorough Study of the Development and Cranial Structure of the Anthropoid Apes (1899), distinguishes ten races of the orang, which may, however, also be regarded as "local varieties or species." They fall into two sub-genera or genera: one group, Dissatyrus (orang-bentang, Figure 1.205), is distinguished for the strength of its limbs, and the formation of very peculiar and salient cheek-pads in the elderly male; these are wanting in the other group, the ordinary orang-outang (Eusatyrus). (FIGURE 1.206. The bald-headed chimpanzee (Anthropithecus calvus). Female. This fresh species, described by Frank Beddard in 1897 as Troglodytes calvus, differs considerably from the ordinary A. niger Figure 1.207) in the structure of the head, the colouring, and the absence of hair in parts.) Several species have lately been distinguished in the two genera of the black African anthropoid apes (chimpanzee and gorilla). In the genus Anthropithecus (or Anthropopithecus, formerly Troglodytes), the bald-headed chimpanzee, A. calvus (Figure 1.206), and the gorilla-like A. mafuca differ very strikingly from the ordinary Anthropithecus niger (Figure 1.207), not only in the size and proportion of many parts of the body, but also in the peculiar shape of the head, especially the ears and lips, and in the hair and colour. The controversy that still continues as to whether these different forms of chimpanzee and orang are "merely local varieties" or "true species" is an idle one; as in all such disputes of classifiers there is an utter absence of clear ideas as to what a species really is. Of the largest and most famous of all the anthropoid apes, the gorilla, Paschen has lately discovered a giant-form in the interior of the Cameroons, which seems to differ from the ordinary species (Gorilla gina Figure 1.208), not only by its unusual size and strength, but also by a special formation of the skull. This giant gorilla (Gorilla gigas, Figure 1.209) is six feet eight inches long; the span of its great arms is about nine feet; its powerful chest is twice as broad as that of a strong man. (FIGURE 1.207. Female chimpanzee (Anthropithecus niger). (From Brehm.) FIGURE 1.208. Female gorilla. (From Brehm.) FIGURE 1.209. Male giant-gorilla (Gorilla gigas), from Yaunde, in the interior of the Cameroons. killed by H. Paschen, stuffed by Umlauff.)