[503] Spencer, _Sociology_, vol. ii. p. 299. [504] Fison and Howitt, _Kamilaroi and Kurnai_. [505] Dalton, _Ethnology of Bengal_, p. 41. [506] _Id., ibid._ p. 132. [507] _Id., ibid._ p. 28. [508] Doménech, _Voyage Pittoresque dans les Déserts du Nouveau Monde_, p. 510. [509] Bancroft, _Native Races_, etc., vol. ii. p. 661. [510] Mollien, _Hist. Univ. des Voy._, t. xlii. p. 416. [511] Fr. Müller, _Allgem. Ethnogr._, etc., p. 263. [512] _Id., ibid._ p. 263. [513] W. Prescott, _Hist. of the Conq. of Peru_, vol. i. p. 121.--Garcilaso de la Vega, _Com. de los Incas_, pp. 25, 113, 218. [514] _Id., ibid._ [515] Herodotus, bk. ii. p. 35. [516] _Id._, bk. ii. p. 42. [517] Diodorus, bk. i. p. 27. [518] Révillout, _Revue égyptienne_, 1880. [519] _Id., ibid._ [520] _Id., ibid._ [521] _Id., ibid._ [522] Duveyrier, _Toûareg du Nord_, 337. [523] _Id., ibid._ [524] Duveyrier, _Toûareg du Nord_, p. 387. [525] _Id., ibid._ p. 430. [526] _Id., loc. cit._ p. 362. [527] _Id., ibid._ pp. 345, 347. [528] _Id., loc. cit._ p. 429. [529] Bruce, _Hist. Univ. des Voy._, t. xxiii. p. 358. [530] Bruce, _Travels_, etc., vol. iv. p. 487.--A. d’Abbadie, _Douze ans dans la haute Éthiopie_, t. I^{er.} pp. 100, 128. [531] Bruce, _Hist. Univ. des Voy._, t. xxiii. p. 365. [532] Bruce, _loc. cit._, t. xxiii. p. 255. [533] Turner, _Hist. Univ. des Voy._, t. xxxi. p. 437. [534] _Id., ibid._ t. xxxi. pp. 437, 454. [535] _Id., ibid._ p. 435. [536] _Lettres édifiantes_, t. xv. p. 200. [537] Préjévalsky, _Mongolia_, t. I^{er.} p. 69.--Huc, _Tartarie_, t. I^{er.} p. 301. [538] _Id., ibid._ t. I^{er.} p. 71. [539] Huc, _L’Empire chinois_, t. ii. p. 258.--Sinibaldo de Mas, _Chine et puissances Chrétiennes_, t. I^{er.} p. 51. [540] Duhaut Cily, _Voyage autour du monde_, t. ii. p. 369. [541] Milne, _Real Life in China_, p. 159. [542] _Id., ibid._ p. 159. [543] Huc, _Empire chinois_, t. ii. p. 255. [544] Milne, _loc. cit._ p. 151. [545] Huc, _loc. cit._ p. 255. [546] G. E. Simon, _La famille chinoise_, _Nouvelle Revue_, 1883. [547] Milne, _loc. cit._ p. 154. [548] Huc, _Empire chinois_, t. I^{er.} p. 268. [549] Pauthier, _Chine Moderne_, p. 238. [550] _Id., ibid._ p. 238. [551] _Id., ibid._ [552] _Id., ibid._ [553] _Id., ibid._ p. 288. [554] E. Simon, _Famille Chinoise_, _Nouvelle Revue_, 1883. [555] _Id., ibid._ [556] Milne, _loc. cit._ p. 153. [557] E. Simon, _loc. cit._ [558] _Id., ibid._ [559] Masana Maeda, _La Société japonaise_, in _Revue Scientifique_, 1878. CHAPTER XII. HEBREW AND ARYAN MONOGAMY. I. _Monogamy of the Races called Superior._--The monogamic ideal and the monogamic reality. II. _Hebrew Marriage._--Monogamy and concubinage--Position of the wife--The virtuous woman of the Book of Proverbs--Obligatory virginity--The levirate.